Garnet Bracelet

    Garnet Bracelet

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    Garnet Bracelet

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    Because of its excellent luminous quality, garnet jewelleries look brilliant in all types of complexion and whichever part of the body you choose to decorate; garnet jewellery can adorn the area in a way that goes beyond any description. When it comes to the time to convey a romantic message, settle on nothing smaller than a garnet bracelet.

    Gems and jewelleries always kindle passion in the hearts of women. Because jewellery is the ultimate word, so far as the eternal appeal of feminine beauty is concerned. The term beauty however, never acquired a universal definition. Beauty is an idea that changes with time and place. For the 21st century women, beauty is rather a state of mind which becomes more and more alluring while accompanied by a proper sense of fashion and style. The art of fashion today has become rather thematic with the creative use of different kinds of jewelleries and other accessories. While some jazzy junk ornament can provide a sporty look, with the master stroke of a diamond solitaire pendant, its wearer gets an elegant corporate appearance. But there are moments in every woman’s life, when she banks upon her feminine appeal to make a romantic statement. To add the right color to your life at these moments of emotion, of passion, or celebration, there is nothing as appropriate as a piece of garnet.

    Because of its excellent luminous quality, garnet jewelleries look brilliant in all types of complexion and whichever part of the body you choose to decorate; garnet jewellery can adorn the area in a way that goes beyond any description. When it comes to the time to convey a romantic message, settle on nothing smaller than a garnet bracelet. Just imagine a row of fierce red garnet draping your slender wrist that results in a sweet display of glitter with every movement of your arm. It will surely be an out of the world experience for both you as well as for those who behold you. This brilliant gemstone carrying the air of Victorian Europe has always been admired by the jewellery designers for its excellent hardness that is recorded at 7 to 7.5 at the Mohs scale of hardness. The high refraction index of the stone renders it an amazing clarity that makes it look extraordinary in any shape or cuts. It is important to note that brilliance and hardness- these two factors together make for the value of this stone.

    It is nothing but a load of confidence that one accrues with a bejeweled and resplendent appearance. In earlier days this glow of confidence used to be interpreted as beauty. For today’s modern, liberated women the definition of beauty transcends the physical connotation and reaches out to include cerebral elements to create an individual fashion statement. So the intricacy and detailing has become the key word in every aspect of jewellery making, from selection of the material to the designing of the piece. With garnet in the helm of the affairs, the design possibilities are countless. Even, a simple tennis bracelet crafted out of a row of tightly stringed blood red garnet is capable of producing an enduring impact. As long as the choice of a garnet bracelet is concerned one should abide by some basic grammar of bracelet making.

    First of all, bracelets look truly beautiful only when they are properly fitted. Conventionally, they are supposed to be worn a little above the wrist and clung to your hand in a way that does not give an uncomfortable feel or should not be too loose that it slips down onto your hands. In addition to that you must ensure that the inner side of your bracelet is properly polished so it does not create irritation on your skin. Secondly, because, bracelets are worn in the area of the body that often confronts knocks and pressure, the stones of the bracelets often run the risk of being torn out of the set. This requires that stones should be guarded by prongs or bezels. This also prevents the stones from getting scratched. Third important consideration relates to the device that helps to wear it and take it off. So far as a garnet bracelet is concerned, use of a terminal can be an excellent decision. A terminal is a device that is meant to decorate the open ends of the bracelet and a shank attached to it allows an easy slipping on and off from the bracelet. On the tips of these terminals you can add a couple of small stones of contrast color that would make the piece even more attractive. A clasp can also be used as a device for the same purpose. Only the device should be in harmony with the overall design of the piece. Fourthly, the metal should be chosen with care. Because, the metal is not only meant to accompany the stone but it is the duty of the metal to uphold the beauty of stone. The extra ordinary glow of this stone is most appropriately accompanied by the magnificence of yellow gold. For an antique look, a small proportion of copper can be mixed with the gold. Any white metal like silver is generously used in crafting garnet bracelet. A very interesting option of metal is stainless steel which is being extensively used by the modern designers. Then, In order to add the touch of opulence, you can blend it with small pieces of diamond.

    Very few are familiar with the fact that garnets have many color variations which range from deep red or pink to yellow and green. Among them, Rhodolite varieties that come with a bright red to purplish pink hues are most popular of all. However, in Pyrope garnets, the saturation of red is highest and they are available in the market in small sizes only. However Tsavorith is the name for the wonderful green variety of garnet that are famous for their gorgeous appearance. It will be an excellent idea to make a charm bracelet with multicolor garnets. Bring back the charms of 1950’s Hollywood by wearing a charm bracelet with red, yellow, green garnets dangling from it.

    Your dressing is never complete without the right selection of accessories and their proper mingling with each other. So when you are going to flaunt your favorite garnet bracelet with a modest intention of stealing the show, keep in mind that the piece is in harmony with the rest of your attire. A short sleeve without frills or other ornamentations makes a perfect accompaniment with a garnet bracelet. As the jewelleries made with this extremely bright stone are naturally very bright, you can safely team them with elegant dresses of a basic color like black or white. A garnet is perfect for the woman of any age and they are worn in whichever form, they always accentuate the feminine vanity.

    Garnet earrings

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    Garnet earrings

    by Ashutosh Roy

    Generally earrings come up in two basic styles – clip-on and pierced. The technology marvels and the intelligence of human brain have tried to keep pace with the go of the age and a wide variety has come out gradually, like j-hoop, half-hoop etc.

    Garnet Earrings

    Garnet is much more than a January birthstone; Garnet for years has been treated as a gemstone in successful business. Even the gemstone specialists demand that if you keep 4/ 5 garnets on your operating desk, it is bound to show some radical changes in your business scenario. The ancient people used to treat Garnet as a sacred stone to fight against the evil powers. The red colored Garnet had been used as bullets at times. The name was brought from the Latin word granatus, which means sees, resembles the purity and the starting point of improvement.

    On the other hand Garnet earrings have found its place in ear lobes of all types of people irrespective of sex, all around. Starting from the Pharaoh kings and ending up with a newly born kid, earring represents flair, style and status. Even the Bible quotes have shown its divine by “And I put a jewel on thy forehead, and earrings in thine ears, and a beautiful crown upon thine head”.

    The enough hardness of Garnet (7.0 to 7.5 in moh scale) has exposed the gemstone to a wide variety of settings like Claw settings, Bezel settings. The wide availability of garnet has been able to keep the price factor reasonable to cater to its spread to almost all categories of people. Even today, a Garnet is available at a price of $5 or even less. Again the earring due to its wide options in size and shape gives you enough flexibility in your budget. You can get Cool Garnet Crystal earrings at eBay at a very moderate rate. But take it without a pinch of salt that Demantoid Garnet is rare and costs very high due to its bright grass green look.

    Generally earrings come up in two basic styles – clip-on and pierced. The technology marvels and the intelligence of human brain have tried to keep pace with the go of the age and a wide variety have come out gradually, like j-hoop, half-hoop etc. The primitive Vedic ages have witnessed the Brahmin to pierce their earlobe at a very early age. The women of the older cultures used to pierce their earlobes in their childhood days to accommodate fascinating earrings through out their lifetime. Certain primitive civilizations and cultures made piercing the earlobe compulsory for the newly born babies due to their belief in God and Sun. However it is believed that the earring had come out first in Asian countries way back at 2000 BC and slowly spread out to all corners of the world. Michale Jackson also wears earring.

    As Garnet has been treated as one of the most purification jewelries, you will find a very common picture of the old monks wearing garnet earrings in their earlobes. They used to place the garnet on the top of their heads at the time of meditation because Garnet had been believed to reveal only the selected information about the earlier births as per their exact requirement. Earrings have also been treated as a symbol of elegance and highly beloved ornaments over the years. This has been nicely echoed by Anthea Burton, when he thrusts, “I said my earrings are American”

    Sometimes earrings are made up of glittering gemstone hanging in the ears, where gemstones are fitted in the dangling part. Even simple stud earrings are also at the height of its fashion. People also use a thin wire made up of Gold or silver to get the hanging earrings fitted in the earlobes. There are various permutations and combinations of garnet gemstone with others for a different look and feel. Sometimes even diamond is added to Garnet to amplify the glittering effect of your favorite earrings. BillBarnes.com has got collections of Garnet and Diamond combined earrings in 14k gold to present you a much more dazzling effect. Remember that the brilliance of the diamond in combination with the glittering red colour of Garnet embedded in a yellow gold or even white gold can really become spectacular. The Red colour of the Garnet in combination with a green Agate gives you altogether a different look. The combination of Garnet with Pearl in earring resembles the glorious Cherry Blossom. So, all options are open to you, it all depends upon your choice and budget.

    Garnet earrings are all time fashions mainly for the female, when they fall in love. The myth is, the Garnet, as a symbol of truth and purity, will secure their love lines forever and will not distract their fiancé to any other earthly attractions.

    Various Shepherds hook fittings garnet earrings are available at Walsh Brothers where the starting price range is around $50. You may get options for the settings as per your likings. You can even choose irrespective of your earlobe condition, ie, whether it is pierced or you prefer the earring to be fitted around the earlobe by virtue of a chain. You can also visit Jewelrycentral.com for pure 14k yellow gold garnet earrings with two genuine Mozambique garnet stones and an additional wire backing security at a cost of $95. Some shopping houses like House of Gems will even give you a clear direction, how to use the earring for fittings your earlobes perfectly. You will find a 14 WG 3-stone Garnet Earrings at MSN shopping at a price of $69.99. You may also try out from “A fantastically fashionable collection of dangle and drop earrings” from Jewels for Me.

    Now while buying a garnet earring, you need to be a bit careful. Ensure that pairs are absolutely equal in colour, shape and size. If it’s to be posted on your earlobe, then find out whether it is fitting properly in the pierce. Ensure that the pin and push should not wobble. If you take the option of the wire, ensure it should be fitted properly in your earlobes.

    If you are fatigued of the abuse of being self-centered, why don’t you look for a garnet earring which not only helps you to become popular, but also your changed extrovert nature adds on some new names in your list of friends. At the least the garnet can cleanse your spleen or the thyroid areas!

    Turquoise the gem of the Gods

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    Turquoise the gem of the Gods

    by Sunaina Joseph

    As all gems, turquoise too, is known for it’s metaphysical properties that have been known and valued by many generations. The blue of the turquoise is said to be have powerful metaphysical properties. As some cultures believe, it awakens feelings of romantic love. Others say that it develops characteristics such as trust and kindness and brings about fair quantities of the much needed wisdom and understanding.

    TURQUOISE….THE GEM OF THE GODS

    This is the gemstone that is so vivid and distinct, that it has been the source of the name of the color. The gemstone was so revered in ancient Mexico that mere mortals were not permitted to wear it. Turquoise was reserved for the Gods. It has been appreciated in every continent for thousands and thousands of years. Many of these vibrant stones have been found in the ancient Egyptian Tombs. Through research and sources such as these, It has been derived that turquoise has been in use for rituals and adornment since 5500BC. It is also the national gem of Tibet and is used there for making beads, cabochons, carvings and inlays.

    Turquoise Jewelry Facts and Figures

    The color of this gem varies from lime green to sky blue. The intense polished blue stone is considered to be of more value than the stones leaning more towards green. For the technical part, Turquoise is a secondary mineral which occurs due to circulating waters. The presence of copper gives it the blue that makes it a celebrated gem. The industrial name for it is hydrated copper aluminum phosphate. It’s hardness on the MH scale is between 5 and 6 The gem should cost you approximately $2 per carat. SOURCES There are not many turquoise mines and this lends to its value. The highest quality of turquoise comes from the ‘Sleeping Beauty Mines’ of Globe, in Arizona. There is another rare lime-green variety that is available in limited quantity from the mines of China. Turquoise is also mined in regions of Iran, southwestern United States, Africa, Australia, Tibet, China, Siberia and Europe.

    Turquoise Jewelry

    THE STIGMA

    In the older days, turquoise was a much prized possession. It took a ride downhill from there. In the 1960’s, the hippies used it as it was inexpensive and it complemented their style. Turquoise was then considered cheap jewelry and was not favored by the fashion -conscious. Then it was uphill for the gem again, as designers such as Kim Hulbert (1990) of Timeless Gem Designs celebrated it as a fashion statement. The revival of the gem was well accepted in the world of fashion and magazines such as Vogue and Cosmopolitan patronized it. Turquoise now has a permanent place in the world of jewelry, whether it be worn like costume jewelry or delicately set with diamonds.

    THE MYTHS AND THE METAPHYSICS….

    As all gems, turquoise too, is known for it’s metaphysical properties that have been known and valued by many generations. The blue of the turquoise is said to be have powerful metaphysical properties. As some cultures believe, it awakens feelings of romantic love. Others say that it develops characteristics such as trust and kindness and brings about fair quantities of the much needed wisdom and understanding. The gem is also said to have some amount of power for physical healing. It can be a great aid in tissue regeneration, body alignment and for strengthening oneself. It is said to draw healing spirits, and bring good fortune. In different cultures there are different myths related to this therapeutic gem, and different uses and beliefs. Some cultures state that this is a gem connected to wealth. Some say that it can change color to expose a woman’s infidelity. In India, Afghanistan, Arabia and Persia, it was believed that the subtle variations in the color of the stone could be read as indications of the health of the person wearing it. But the most widely shared belief that is common to every ancient and present culture, is that the sky blue stone, naturally formed by the earth, is most special for reminding us of our connection with the earth and the sky.

    TREATMENTS AND PROCESSES

    The hardness of the gem varies, but on an average it remains between 5 and 6 on the Mohs hardness scale. It is also quite porous and this can cause it to discolor over time, unless it has been treated. Common treatments include the use of wax, paraffin and resin. This enhances the color, and reduces the porosity of the gem. These processes are easily identified by any gemologist. In 1990 a new and improved unidentifiable process known as the Zachary Treatment, was discovered. This treatment is said to significantly decrease porosity of the stone, hence reducing the chances of the gem getting discolored by agents such as skin oils. It also improves the stone’s capacity to accept treatment such as polishing. The Zachary Treatment does not modify the composition of the stone in any way.

    THE MANY FORMS AND FACES OF TURQUOISE…

    Most people, when they think turquoise, they think big, chunky and loud. But there are a number of elegant designs as well for more conservative buyers, such as simplistic designs of turquoise in combination with high-carat gold and diamonds. For buyers who want opulence for as little money as possible, look out for the bracelet, necklace and ring designs released by many experimental apparel designers. Turquoise is a gem which agrees with many styles, according to how its worn. It’s a great accessory for the peasant blouses and bell-bottoms of the hippie-look. It can be a great add on for denim and suede styles as well. Turquoise was the favorite gem of the artist Frida Kahlo, and Salma Hayek (who plays Frida) was ornamented with big turquoise jewelry throughout the movie. This had a considerable effect in the boost in the sales of turquoise in the late 1990’s. All in all, turquoise can be a great accessory for the prairie style, the organic look, or even simple beige and white. Most of the turquoise jewelry is fashioned in a free-form style, so the choices are vast and varied. If you want to make a statement that’s really a statement, add some lively blue pendants or those brilliant turquoise earrings to give your wardrobe the ‘OOMPH’ it needs.

    Turquoise Rings

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    Turquoise Rings

    by Sunaina Joseph

    One of the most romantic turquoise rings is the Man-Woman Ring. It is said to counteract deep sadness, and add a little bit of sensuality to the your jewelry collection. Man and woman arch their backs and stretch their arms out gracefully to support the Turquoise gem.

    ‘ACCESSORIZING’ can be quite a task, and unless you are one with fashion advisors and the like, I’m sure you would have just as hard a time as any of us. Maybe this article will give you a little insight into one of the most sought after experimental fashion accessories that has not so long ago hit the ramps, designer stores, and the fingers of many a woman- an experiment that has gone so terribly RIGHT!!!! You’d definitely want to do a little experimentation with the TURQUOISE RING yourself.

    TURQUOISE -THE TRENDSETTER

    Many designers have recently started giving accessories the importance that was lacking a few decades ago. Turquoise jewelry in itself was a hit, and the rage continues. The bold color and the striking wholeness of the gem has taken the trendsetters by storm. Even though the gem is semi-precious, and not quite as expensive as diamonds (and the like), even the rich and famous have down traded their precious stones for quality turquoise in QUANTITY. With turquoise, the bigger, the bolder. The bolder, the better- the Rings especially. Though the basic designs of the ring is quite simple and sleek, the turquoise used is usually of considerable size .The beauty of the gem, is that even though it is so vivid, it could never look boorish. When the Turquoise Ring was an accessory of the pop culture, it was mainly set in cheap gold and silver and was rarely offset by other gems. Recently, the use of American diamonds and high grade gold is often used to enrich and increase the value of the ring.

    TURQUOISE TRIVIA

    The most valuable turquoise stone is said to be of the robin’s egg blue or the deep blue azure. Many collectors say that delicate veining on the gem adds to the worth of the ring as it is proof of a natural stone. The evenness of the color of turquoise is the deciding factor in the cost of the gem. The average cost should be $2 per carat. The advantage that turquoise has over other stones is the multitude of healing powers that it is capable of. It is said to be known to ward off disease and strengthen the body. Good fortune is brought who wear the gem. Legend has it that it guarantees accurate aim if attached to a gun or bow. Another more interesting legend is that turquoise reveals the infidelity of a woman by changing color (but we will have to test that one) In Europe Turquoise rings are gifted as forget-me-nots and even Leah (from Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice) wins Shylock over by presenting him with a Turquoise Ring as a pledge of her adoration.

    THE CLADDAGH RING

    One of the most historically significant features of the turquoise ring goes back centuries and is said to have originated in a little Irish village. This special ring is known as the CLADDAGH RING is of deep meaning and is relevant to all of us even today. The ring is made up of a heart which signifies love, hands clasping the center heart show friendship and the crown stands for loyalty. These aspects of the ring are symbolic of love and affection. It has always been a great choice as a Valentine’s Ring and has also been used as a mothers day ring. But most often it has been traditionally passed down from mother to daughter as a Wedding Ring. This ring is still popular in Sterling Silver and Gold and can be made to order.

    OTHER POPULAR TURQUOISE RING DESIGNS

    A popular and contemporary design is a combination of turquoise and coral in sterling silver. The coral offsets the blue of the turquoise and adds to the healing powers. The Chinese Turquoise Ring by Marco Huizer is another popular design. It is minimalist, elegant and breathtaking. One of the most romantic turquoise rings is the Man-Woman Ring. It is said to counteract deep sadness, and add a little bit of sensuality to the your jewelry collection. Man and woman arch their backs and stretch their arms out gracefully to support the Turquoise gem. There are many other designs available and you can even design your own ring and get it made. With turquoise there are no limits as to what you can combine it with, what you can set it in, and how far you can go with your imagination

    CARING FOR YOUR TURQUOISE RING

    Turquoise is a delicate gem and the necessary precautions should be taken to care for your ring. Turquoise being a hydrous stone can easily be affected by light and water. The softness of the stone makes it vulnerable to scratches, sharp blows, hot water and household chemicals. It easily absorbs body oils which makes the gem yellow over time. Chlorine must also be avoided.

    TURQUOISE-YOUR LUCKY BLUE

    Turquoise is one of the oldest known stones, with the most number of legends myths and mystic related to it. It is still one of the most fashionable stones, and will never go out of fashion, so go ahead, join the party, and get yourself some TRUE BLUE TURQUOISE!

    Turquoise Buying Guide

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    Turquoise Buying Guide

    by Shewata Dhanuka

    Turquoise was first mined in Iran (earlier known as Persia). For many years it was the prime source but now all its mines are depleted. Today, this opaque beauty in large quantity is received from Mexico, China and United States (Arizona and California). It is also procured from Australia, Afghanistan, Chile, Israel, Tanzania, Tibet and Turkey.

    Turquoise is a treasured gemstone for many years. In every century people have been using it for making beautiful jewelry items. It is important part of Southwestern American jewelry. It can be set into any material like gold, silver or oxidized metal. It gets very well paired with other precious and semi precious gems. Oxidized metal jewelry consisting turquoise and other gemstone gives unique antique look that is liked by many jewelry lovers around the world. It is jewelry stone most in demand in many parts of the universe such United States, India etc.

    It is said to be the oldest found gemstone. Many ancient manuscripts of different countries mentions the beliefs associated with turquoise. It is believed to possess medicinal properties that heal chronic diseases and other properties that bring prosperity and growth. At present, it is widely used in fashion jewelry as an icon of style and youth. Bracelets, rings, earrings, pendent, belts and other items consisting of turquoise gemstone and beads are popular among all the ages.

    It is assigned as December birthstone and 5th anniversary gemstone. It is a non-transparent gemstone cut into all the possible shapes like pear, heart, round and flower cut. Oval shape is most common and easily available. This gemstone comes in different colours and quality. Market offers three distinct varieties of turquoise viz. natural, treated or enhanced and laboratory created or imitation. These three further are available in different colours with or without spider web matrix. As such there are no standard guideline for buying turquoise. However, this article gives all the necessary information about source, colour, quality and care about this amazing gem.

    Turquoise was first mined in Iran (earlier known as Persia). For many years it was the prime source but now all its mines are depleted. Today, this opaque beauty in large quantity is received from Mexico, China and United States (Arizona and California). It is also procured from Australia, Afghanistan, Chile, Israel, Tanzania, Tibet and Turkey. It is found in association with copper mining and also considered as one of the by-product. It is formed when a chemical reaction takes place after water slowly enters into the rocks containing copper, aluminum and other phosphates. Usually, rough turquoise is very soft & porous and used for jewelry making only after it is treated. Few natural hard turquoise are also produced in nature, found near copper deposits near earth surface where it gets dry.

    There is no perfect colour for turquoise. The colour is dependent upon the chemical composition of the rocks. This is the reason why no two turquoise gems shall have identical colour. The colour would range between pale blue to bright green. The blue colour is due to the presence of copper in the gem, green shade appears because of more content of iron or aluminum and yellowish green colour comes from the zinc traces. These rare combinations of different elements are responsible for the varied colours of turquoise. The intense pure blue colour is very rare therefore is priced most. Then bluish green and green shades are valued. Finally yellowish green shades are considered as poorest quality and thus priced least.

    Turquoise occurs in one colour while sometimes it consists of few lines or veins of different colour. These veins are referred as spider web matrix. It appears on the surface of the gemstone due to the uneven distribution of elements present in the composition. Same as the colour of turquoise is different, so is the colour of the lines/veins on it. Veins/lines can be black, yellow or brown in colour. These lines would not be in any fixed pattern. It is completely natural so every gemstone is different. Pure single colour gems are priced more than those consisting the spider web matrix. However, intense blue colour with the spider web matrix is priced more than the pale yellowish green shade.

    Like unique and varied appearance, turquoise is treated in many ways. Less than 10% natural turquoise is obtained from the mines around the world. These are high quality stones that are naturally hard and do not require any treatment. It is used for jewelry making in its natural state after cutting and polishing. No artificial changes are made. Natural turquoise is prone to colour change with years rolling, same as that of treated gems. Natural turquoise without spider web matrix is seldom found and fetches maximum price.

    Experts specify that almost 80-90% of turquoise available in the market is treated. As mentioned earlier, rough turquoise is too soft and for making any jewelry item it needs to be turned hard through a suitable treatment. The enhanced or treated gems are different from the synthetic, man made, artificially created gems in the laboratory. The treated gems are also found in mines same as natural turquoise, but these undergo a treatment process in order to improve the colour, hardness, durability and availability. For example- Turquoise from China is always enhanced as it is too soft and it remains in high demand. Treated gems are equally marvelous but are priced less than the untreated gems.

    The treatments are performed for stabilization and enhancement of the gemstone. There are different methods used for different purpose. To enhance the colour, ‘colour treat’ method is used in which epoxy resin along with the colour is injected into the pores of the gemstone. The colour gets stabilized and remains unchanged for a longer duration. The Chinese turquoise is turned hard by the process in which liquid plastic is injected in the stone. There is yet another method ‘ clear treat’ used for turning soft gem into hard. In this method only epoxy resin is inserted inside the gem to stabilize it. As a result colour remains same while gemstone get hard.

    Other than the treated turquoise many imitations are also sold as natural turquoise. Buyer should be careful while buying. These are plastic coated or waxed. Therefore, experts recommend to buy turquoise gemstone and jewelry only from the reputed and knowledgeable seller. Always seek written guarantee and certificate before making the final payments.

    Turquoise is the most delicate beauty. It is between 5-6 Mohs on the hardness scale and requires maximum care than any other semi precious stone. It should be protected against the scratches and sharp blows. It should not be stored with other hard gemstone rather store in jewelry box lined with velvet or soft cloth.

    Being porous in nature, it is absorbent to all sorts of liquids. It must be prevented from direct exposure to hot water, harsh chemicals, cosmetics, oils, perfumes and even the perspiration else it results in colour change or might become dull. Clean turquoise consisting jewelry with mild soapy water and wipe it fully with a soft cloth. It should be completely dry before keeping it in the jewelry box. Ultrasonic jewelry cleaner must be avoided totally.

    All the turquoise gems are susceptible to colour change and getting dull with the passage of time. However, this doesn’t affect the demand of the stone in anyway. People wearing turquoise jewelry get attached with the stone mentally. Thus, wearing this exquisite and sophisticated gem becomes their passion.

    Turquoise facts

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    Turquoise facts

    by Ashutosh Roy

    Turquoise, perhaps one of the oldest gemstone, reminds the tradition of native America. Astrologically It is called the birthstone of December and the accepted gem for the fifth and eleventh wedding anniversaries.

    It has been always treated as a holy stone to get rid of the evil powers or rainy days of one’s life. Its clear and sky-blue colour is a symbol of bright and happiness and is supposed to enhance self-confidence. Astrologically, It is believed to bring more mental clarity, wisdom, trust, kindness and better relational bonds to the adorner’s life.

    Even being ancient, its at the height of today’s fashion for its prized blue colour. The colour, which is quiet distinctive from others. Basically turquoise are available in 3 colours. Pale green, blue-green, turquoise blue. The word turquoise itself works as an adjective for a very special blue, when referred by the other industries. Normally it is opaque or translucent on thin edges. The spherical shaped Turquoise with an unbroken surface are called Nuggets, where as Flats have their length and width more than their thickness. One can find the Native American jewelry with turquoise all over the world. Even most of the countries have been using turquoise in every sphere of life starting from an excellent birthday gift ending with the remedies for Saturn.

    Chemically it consists of Copper, Aluminum, Phosphorus etc. Sometimes Iron comes as an impurity. For the curiosity of the students of Chemistry, the chemical name of Turquoise is Hydrous copper aluminum phosphate, the formula is CuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8 * 5H2O. The mix of iron results shades towards green, while the iron-free one is intense blue. The zinc turn it to yellowish green colour. The hardness is between Five and Six. Just for the comparison, window glasses have a hardness above six. Sometimes one can find some dark markings inside turquoise because of the presence of matrix, the mother stone of turquoise.

    Turquoise has been mined in many places throughout the world. As it is formed when water percolates through rocks that contain copper, It is often found with copper deposits. Today, it can be found in various parts of the world like USA, Iran, Siam, China, Japan, Afghanistan, Australia, Chile, India, China etc. But the quality and colour varies because of the geographical locations. Like Clear blue Turquoise are taken out from Persia where as the Indian counter parts produce greenish Turquoise. Today most of the finest Turquoise from Iran as well as some of the south western countries of US.

    The usage started in the year 4000 BC in Egypt. Persia and China were the two main sources of turquoise. Even today Chinese mines are contributing a significant portion of turquoise all over the world. The history reveals that Pharaohs and Aztec Kings used to were Turquoise, the robin’s egg blue gemstone.

    Turquoise are too soft by nature. The process stabilization in which liquid plastic is injected to bring extra brightness and hardness. Turquoise are thoroughly dried by intense and prolonged heat treatment. Several Chemicals are used to enhance or change color. Its very difficult to get natural turquoise today. The astonishing part of turquoise is that no two pieces are generally alike. Gradually the high grade turquoise is becoming rarer. But even the medium grade looks better than diamonds.

    The term “Persian Turquoise” became the hallmark for the quality of turquoise. In the earlier days a common perception was, if the colour gets changed, it’s a danger signal for the wearer. Later on, many chemical tests have found out the reason for changing colour or fading to establish its scientific notion over the prejudices and illusions. Contrary to foolish beliefs, No test result as yet has shown any health danger or toxicity of this mineral. So, you may easily go for a turquoise today, if your pocket permits.

    Persian philosopher Al Kazwini wrote: “The hand wearing a Turquoise and using it as a sealing stone, will never be poor.” There are several stories about its nomenclature. Perhaps the French derived it. It came into Europe during the time of crusades and was named Turquoise to refer it as a Turkish stone. It reached India perhaps at the time of Mughal empire. The Indian astrologers believe the sky colour of the stone has got direct links with the sky, thus controlling the astrological behavior of the human body.

    The caution message for the turquoise buyers is that they should be careful of imitations. Perhaps the Egyptians paved the way for the imitators. Its very difficult to test its originality. Try to buy this precious jewelry from a shop of repute, which has got market credentials or from someone you know personally for long. You may contact The Zach-Low Turquoise Museum, New Mexico for information. The sleeping beauty Turquoise is now available to the public from the Sleeping beauty mountain, Arizona, which was originally mined for copper and gold.

    The increased demand of Turquoise has hyped the price even upto $2,200 per kg. As this is one of the most precious stone, don’t forget to take enough care for maintaining its colour and beauty. Protect it from direct sunlight, heat and other cosmetics. Never ever keep turquoise with other hard stones. Never rub it. This jewelry should be wiped clean to deter its fading tendency due to skin oil and other natural factors. Clean it with warm water and dry it immediately. Otherwise it can fade, fading your luck also!

    Turquoise in history

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    Turquoise in history

    by Ashutosh Roy

    Started off its journey from Maghara Wadi mines of Sinai Peninsula in Egypt and Alimersai Mountain region of Persia (presently Iran). It came into Europe via Turkey at the time of the Crusades.

    Turquoise – A snippet of its past

    Are you planning of gifting the Zuni bracelet, Navajo conch belt or squash blossom necklace in your coming anniversary? Then its better to delve into the background of the key component of the above – the turquoise, the ancient, yet the most modern December birthstone.

    Turquoise, one of the most valuable non-transparent minerals used in the jewelry trade, started off its journey from Maghara Wadi mines of Sinai Peninsula in Egypt and Alimersai Mountain region of Persia (presently Iran). It came into Europe via Turkey at the time of the Crusades. Victorian and Art Nouveau jewelry had Turquoise as a major component. At present it is the most widely used stone all over the world. Archeological sites show that it was a very popular trade item. The proof lies in tracing Cerillos Turquoise with the Aztecs, Persian Turquoise with Europeans. It is said that the son of Abraham used to supply Turquoise from the mines of Nishapur of Persia to Europe, Asian Countries and United States for years.

    The name has come from the word Turquie, the French description “Pierre turquin”, which means dark blue stone. There is a slight misconception Turkey has never produced Turquoise. Turquoise used to be traded to Europe via Turkey.

    Glittering effect of the turquoise blue has enhanced the beautification of the ornaments for years. The main usage of Turquoise is an ornamental stone for inlays, carving and Jewelry. But this gemstone has been treated as a sacred stone since its inception.

    Approximately in 6000 BC, Turquoise was found in the bracelets of mummified Queen Zer. In around 3000 BC, there were traces of Turquoise based ornaments in tombs and burial grounds. Sumerians and Egyptians used to produce highly sophisticated gold ornaments, by inlaying Turquoise. There are clear evidences of Pharaohs and Aztec King wearing Turquoise. Some used to decorate their teeth with Turquoise. The history also speaks of the usage of turquoise in ornaments by Native Americans and by many Indian tribes in Mexico. Indians has been using Turquoise in beads since the pre-Columbian days. In around 1880, the famous Indian style silver jewelry with Turquoise gained popularity.

    In the ancient civilization of Persia, the people used to wear it around the neck or on the hand with the belief of protecting from unnatural death. The conviction of treating Turquoise as a holy stone was up to the extent, where the wearer used to seal it by pearl and other covers to hide it from the jealous eyes. Al Kazwini, the Persian philosopher wrote that the hand wearing a Turquoise could never become poor. So, don’t get surprised, if you find a Turquoise in the middle finger of a Chief Executive of a corporate house.

    Turquoise has been also treated as a holy stone in various parts of America. The ancient Aztecs in Peru used Turquoise in their ceremonies. The Indians residing in America used to believe that the sky blue colour of the stone has got a direct connection with the sky and saves the warriors and hunters. Turquoise used to be mounted upon the arrowhead for accuracy, one of the most ancient weapons for hunting. The Navaho used to believe that Turquoise is a piece of Sky, so casting a piece of turquoise in the sea will cause rainfall. According to the Apache, it combines the spirit of sea and sky to protect one from all natural calamities. The Zuni used Turquoise to protect them from demons. Aztec and Egyptian used to consider Turquoise as a symbol of prosperity. There are evidences where the pre-historic people like Anasazi and Hohokam used to mine Turquoise for future.

    Some ancient sites have revealed the usage of Turquoise in various stages of lapidary treatment. Turquoise was believed to use in other treatments in the past also like eye diseases, stomach disorders, injury and bleeding etc. There are many such instances in the history, where the Turquoise has been treated as a holy stone for bringing wealth and happiness by fighting against the dark days and the evil power. The myth of Turquoise started with the horse riders (to stop accidents) in the earlier days and still continuing to be the treated as the most powerful stone for the accident-prone professions like Flight staff, aviators. In the Astrological schools, Turquoise is described as the confidence earning and relationship building stone. Crystal Healers and New Age believers treat Turquoise as the master healing stone with special strengths for recovering from respiratory, skeletal system, immune diseases. In the mental healing part it works best for communication. So, if you are getting frustrated because the audience never holds patience, when you deliver lectures, you may try out Turquoise as well.

    Turquoise is supposed to be the gift of the nature. It is heard that the Egyptians used to send salve convoys deep into the Arabian Dessert to extract Turquoise. In the earlier days Turquoise used to be collected by the rock hounds. History has been able to trace the extensive use of Turquoise by Native Americans and many Indian tribes since 200 B.C. in the form of beads and pendants.

    As the popularity goes up, the price goes high. Now, you may even think Turquoise as an investment option like King Tut, whose treasures include a significant quantity of Turquoise. As success has many fathers, Joseph Harriss claims Turquoise to be an integral part of the new world culture of America. The fact is that the usage started with the Native Americans and Indian tribes of Mexico. When the Spanish reached the new world, since then Turquoise had been seen as a common ingredient of royal and ceremonial jewelry. At times, Turquoise used to be priced even more than gold. Aristotle, Pliny and others have also referred to the stone, Turquoise. In Tibet, Turquoise had been even used for currency for years.

    Pricing of Turquoise is one of the biggest and controversial factors. There are several varieties arising from several geographical locations. To make matters further worse, the synthetic Turquoise has been spread out in the market. The best quality Turquoise may price even at $2,200 per KG.

    Today the popularity has gone to such an extent that contemporary designers like Ray Tracery and Brothers, Alvin and Brian Yellow horse have started designing new bracelets with Turquoise based on this old tradition.

    Turquoise mines

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    Turquoise mines

    by Ashutosh Roy

    History finds the trace of Turquoise mine even in 6000 BC. Egyptians had traced the first one in Maghara Wadi mines in Sinia Peninsula. The Alimersai Mountain region of Persia (now Iran) had become the producer of Best quality Turquoise.

    Source of Turquoise – The Turquoise Mines

    Have you ever thought of unearthing the sources of Turquoise, the “fallen sky stone”? In one word It is said to be the “gift” of whims of the nature.

    First of all lets understand how Turquoise is formed. Turquoise is generally formed in arid climate. When meteoric or groundwater percolates through rocks that contain copper, Turquoise is formed. So the probability of finding Turquoise is more near the copper deposits.

    History finds the trace of Turquoise mine even in 6000 BC. Egyptians had traced the first one in Maghara Wadi mines in Sinia Peninsula. The Alimersai Mountain region of Persia (now Iran) had become the producer of Best quality Turquoise. The term “Persian Turquoise” has become synonymous of the finest quality and has been defined as the standard of quality for comparison of other turquoise. Persian Turquoise, one of the most ancient turquoises produced by a series of mines. Nishapur, 225 miles from southern end of Caspian Sea, is the main region of Turquoise. There were three basic categories of Persian Turquoise, namely Anqushtari, Barkhaneh and Arabi. The finest Turquoise is still available in Iran and Tibet.

    Turquoise has been produced in Tibet, China, Australia, Peru, Chile, Turkistan and Afghanistan. Large deposits are found in the arid climate like Mexico and other southwest United States.

    It is heard that the Egyptians used to send slave convoys deep into the Arabian Dessert to extract Turquoise. Native American Pueblos used to dig deep into stony grounds to extract the precious stone, turquoise. In the earlier days, turquoise used to be collected by the rock hounds.

    In late 1800 and early 1900 Turquoise mines were discovered in the western and southwestern part of USA. Some Crystals have been found in Virginia, Conejos area of Colorado, California and elsewhere.

    The Cerillos and Burro Mountains, just ten miles south of Santa Fe of New Mexico were the largest producers of Turquoise till 1920. Cerrillos, is one of the most ancient mine of Turquoise. The specialty of this mine is that the turquoise is formed at the base of volcano. About 75 varieties in color were found. Cerrillo turquoise is very hard in nature. Enchantment mine near Ruidoso in the Sacramento Mountains of southeastern New Mexico produces deep green color Turquoise. Hachita mine had contributed a significant amount of Turquoise till 1905. The High Lonesome mine of southern New Mexico produces green color Turquoise, which are hard in nature. Santa Rita, used to produce blue and green turquoise. Tyrone mine, near silver city, New Mexico produced unique medium blue turquoise, but it is closed today.

    Most of the Arizona mines produce blue turquoise due to the presence of Copper. Kingman mine in the Globe-Miami district of Arizona produces various blue color turquoises. Duval Pit, north of Kingman is said to be a turquoise-producing region. Morendi mines of Southeastern Arizona produces light blue Turquoise. Bisbee Blue mine, Arizona, is renowned for his hard in nature and high blue color Turquoise. Bisbee is one of the oldest mine. Castle Dome is another name. Birdseye mine in Arizona used to produce dark blue turquoise with light blue circles before closing down in 1980. Cave Creek mine is one of the newest Blue color turquoise producer in Arizona. Sleeping beauty, Globe, Arizona produces solid, light blue color turquoise and is perhaps the only mine, which has made Raw Turquoise available to the public. This is one of the largest mine in North America.

    Cripple Creek mines in Teller County, Colorado produce greenish Turquoise as a by-product. Manassa in south central Colorado produces green color turquoise. Leadville mines used to produce vibrant color turquoise. Villa Grove mine, Colorado has produced the finest turquoise in America. The eye soothing blue color with an excellent golden spider web has made it unique. This is no more operational.

    Stormy mountain mine, a closed one, had been producing hard, dark blue turquoise. Turquoise mountain mine, a closed one, produced distinctive, dark blue Turquoise with light blue circles. Kennecott Bingham Canyon Mine, near Salt lake in the Oquirrh Mountains of Utah contributes a significant amount of Turquoise.

    San Bernardino County is one of the oldest turquoise mines in California. Deposits are found in Imperial and Inyo Counties also. California mines mostly produces Turquoise in variety of Blue colors, but they are very hard in nature. Though most of the mines are close today, the only mine, working and producing turquoise in California is Apache Canyon mine.

    Nevada has started producing Turquoise since 1930s. The presence of Iron turns the color of the Turquoise to Green in case of the most of the Nevada Turquoise. Ajax mine, located in south central Nevada in the Royston area is a relatively new mine produces light blue turquoise. The Blue gem mine near the battle mountain, Nevada produced deep blue and deep green turquoise before close in 1934. Candelaria mine produces blue color Turquoise. Carico Lake Turquoise of Neveda produces spring green Turquoise. Fox mine of Nevada is one of the most ancient mines, which was rediscovered in 1910 has produced variety of turquoise forever. Lone mountain mines near Esmeralda County is another significant name. Nevada generally produces blue color Turquoise due to the due to abundance of Copper. Pilot Mountain mine of northern Nevada produces blue-green colors. Royston the turquoise district in Nevada has got 3 mines namely Bunker Hill, Oscar Wehrend, Royal Blue. Royston produces beautiful color turquoise. The No. 8 mine in Carlin, Nevada produces highly valuable turquoise. Orvil Jack mine in northern Nevada produces yellow-green color Turquoise. Paiute mine, in central Nevada produces Turquoise with different blue shades. Damele mine in the east central Nevada produces yellow-green turquoise with increased hardness. Dry Creek Mine of Northeast Nevada produces pale blue and cream white turquoise.

    Chinese mines started at 1700 BC. China has got four or five turquoise producing regions. Maashan turquoise mine in the northwest of Sanghai and Hubei province of China produce prized blue turquoise. The high mountains in North of Bhutan produce chunks of blue green turquoise nuggets. Mines in India produce green turquoise.

    Today, The worldwide Turquoise market is controlled mostly by China and Tibet, who are contributing nearly 80% of the total supply. The major portion of the rest 20% comes from sleeping beauty mountain, Globe, Arizona and Kingman mines in the northwestern Arizona, of USA.

    Turquoise Mines at a Glance

     

    Mine Name Colour of Turquoise Reasons
    Sleeping Beauty, ArizonaLight blueAdequacy of Copper
    Bisbee, ArizonaHigh Quality blueCopper Mines
    Kingman, ArizonaHigh blueAdequacy of Copper
    Morenci, ArizonaLight to dark blueAdequacy of Copper
    Birdseye, ArizonaLight to Dark BlueAdequacy of Copper
    Blue Gem, NevadaIntense Blue to Deep GreenAdequacy of Copper
    Candelaria, NevadaHigh BlueAdequacy of Copper
    Carico Lake, NevadaSpring greenAdequacy of Copper
    Damele, NevadaYellow-GreenAdequacy of Zinc
    Dry Creek, NevadaPale blue, Cream WhiteAdequacy of Aluminium
    Fox, NevadaVariety of BlueAdequacy of Copper
    Ajax, NevadaLight blue, Dark GreenAdequacy of Copper, iron
    Lone Mountain, NevadaClear BlueAdequacy of Copper
    Orvil Jack, NevadaYellow-greenAdequacy of Zinc
    Paiute, NevadaLight to Deep blueAdequacy of Copper
    Pilot Mountain, NevadaDeep Bluish GreenAdequacy of Copper
    Roystone, NevadaRoyal BlueAdequacy of Copper
    Cripple Creek, ColoradoGreenish, Variery of BlueGold Mines
    Manassa, ColoradoBluish Green to Dark GreenAdequacy of Copper
    Cerrillos, New MexicoVariety of ColoursVolcanic based
    Enchantment, New MexicoDeep GreenAdequacy of Iron Content
    Tyrone, New MexicoMedium BlueCopper Mine
    PersiaClear blue, the famous one and many other varieties alsoAdequacy of Copper
    IndiaGreenAdequacy of iron
    ChineseWide Variety from sky blue to spring greenAdequacy of Copper, iron
    Stormy MountainDark BlueDiamond Mine

    Properties of Turquoise

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    Properties of Turquoise

    by Ashutosh Roy

    The chemical name of Turquoise is Hydrated Copper Aluminum Phosphate. The chemical formula is CuAl6(PO)4(OH)8*5(H2O). According to the formula, it comprises of three primary ingredients Copper, Aluminum and Phosphorous. Turquoise has got occasional presence of Zinc, Iron and Chromium as impurities.

    Turquoise – The Insight

    Mother earth has stored marvelous treasures in her belly and Turquoise is one of the most precious stones that her sons have been digging out since 6000 BC. Aren’t you inquisitive to know all about it?

    This modern yet one of the most ancient gemstone is said to be the result of nature’s whims. Before we delve deeper into its properties and attributes, lets understand clearly that Turquoise is not a primary mineral. It’s rather a collection of several minerals from the earth’s crust, formed under special weathering effects. The entire process is controlled by the nature itself to produce the ever-growing popular stone – the turquoise. A simple example will make it clear. As soon as Phelp Dodge had changed his way of extracting Copper ore, nature refused to produce Turquoise, due to the change in the weathering effect, in the same Tyrone mine, which had been producing turquoise for quiet some time.

    The mother stone of Turquoise is called Matrix, which means Turquoise resides on the Matrix and is carefully cut as the method of extraction. The best colour dazzles when the colour of the matrix contrasts with the colour of the Turquoise. A thin and evenly spaced layer of Matrix, called Spider Web, eventually enhances the look and feel of Turquoise. As a secondary material, when meteoric or groundwater percolates through rocks that contain copper, Turquoise is formed. Copper may come from varied sources, which affect the quality and colour of the Turquoise. If Copper comes from Copper Sulphides, then it produces bluish shades and if Copper comes from carbonated malachite, the colour turns greenish. Now, if we look at its iron component, if it is from apalite, the colour becomes black, iron oxide produces golden-brown while rhyolite produces the yellow colour. If Turquoise is not cut carefully from the Matrix, impurities remain affecting its colour.

    The chemical name of Turquoise is Hydrated Copper Aluminum Phosphate. The chemical formula is CuAl6(PO)4(OH)8*5(H2O). According to the formula, it comprises of three primary ingredients Copper, Aluminum and Phosphorous. Turquoise has got occasional presence of Zinc, Iron and Chromium as impurities. The presence of these impurities results in deviation from the elegant Turquoise blue colour. According to physical chemistry it belongs to the Class Phosphate.

    As it belongs to the class phosphate, Turquoise is fragile and sensitive to solvents. The hardness of Turquoise ranges between 5 and 6, which is even lesser than a window glass. The hardness of a deeply mined turquoise is just above 2. That’s why Turquoise are always advised not to keep close to the other stones or other rough ornaments, which may result cracks in this auspicious stone. So, the rough and tough people should think twice!

    Even Perfumes and other cosmetics may be detrimental, because of its super sensitivity to solvents. If you wear a Turquoise, be careful of your skin oil also. The “skystone” should not be exposed to direct sunlight. Heat is to be strictly avoided. But then how to maintain it? Cleanse it with a little warm water and dry it with some soft material like woolen clothes.

    Various techniques have been evolved to increase its hardness and decrease its porosity. Light waxing and oiling enhances the colour and luster of Turquoise. This technique is widely used today to increase the durability of Turquoise. Some more technologies have come up today like “pressure technique” by water glass, epoxy and plastic to produce an artificial wetting effect to reduce the porosity.

    Now lets take a quick look at the different colours of turquoises. Turquoise had first been found in Copper mines in Persia, which produced Sky Blue colour and the colour has become a symbol of reference and named as “Turquoise Blue”. The effect of Copper results the original blue colour. The variety in blue colour is a result of geographical location and other natural factors. Most of the Turquoise is concentrated near the copper-aluminum, and finally lands up in the iron or zinc-aluminum end. This natural phenomenon turns most of the turquoises to various shades of blue and green or bluish green and greenish blue. Some Turquoises have been found in Gold mines and Diamond Mines also. The presence of Iron and Chromium leads to Green colour. For example, Indian mines produce green colour turquoise due to the adequacy of Iron. Again, excessive heat can dehydrate the Turquoise to turn its colour to Green. Zinc changes the colour to yellowish but more importantly increases its hardness. Some Nevada and Tibetan Turquoise contain zinc.

    Turquoise is opaque by its nature. The hardness of turquoise, measured by the Mohs scale of Physical Science, varies remarkably. The lower limit starts from 2 and the upper limit is 6. Hardness varies due to several natural factors like environment and its mother stone, matrix. The hardness also depends upon the processing or treating of Turquoise. Silicification process, which involves minute Quartz particles, increases the hardness to a large extent. Its softness makes it very difficult to use the gem directly by the Jewelers. Turquoises, which have not undergone the silification process, at the least, undergo stabilization treatment before being mounted on a necklace.

    Properties at a glance

    Associated Minerals Pyrite, limonite, quartz, chert, cuperite, manganese oxide, apatite, chalcopyrite, chalcedony, and clays
    Birefraction0.04
    Chemical FormulaCuAl6(PO4)4(OH)8*5(H2O),
    Chemical NameHydrated Copper Aluminum Phosphate
    ClassPhosphates
    CleavageNone
    ColoursMainly in shades of blue and Green
    Crystal SystemTriclinic Bar 1
    Crystal systemTriclinic
    Density2.6 to 2.8
    FractureConchodial
    LusterDull to Waxy
    Refractive Index1.61 to 1.65
    Specific Gravity2.60 to 2.80
    TransparencyOpaque

    The best stones are almost natural but they are fragile and prone to color fading. But the nice look and the royal colour attract everybody. These stones are cut, shaped and polished to mount on your third finger.

    As the popularity grows up, faking becomes an integral part. People have been faking for centuries. Fake turquoises are made up of ceramics, bone, colored minerals, celluloid, plastic etc. A hot pin will give out smell of resin from a synthetic turquoise. But, this is not the only kind; other faking methodologies may also deceive your eyes. So, you may prefer to visit Zach-Low Turquoise Museum, New Mexico, to test the Turquoise before investing your hard-earned dollars.

    You may not be a student of Physics or Chemistry to comprehend all the properties in details. So what? Go ahead! After all, the taste of pudding is in the eating. So, why to restrain yourself from a glittering third finger with an original Persian Blue Turquoise before the next board meeting, which may turn your luck (!) also.

    Different Turquoise treatment

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    Different Turquoise treatment

    by Ashutosh Roy

    The main purpose of any treatment is to increase the hardness and reduce the porosity, in one word to increase the stability or the durability. The colour treatments help to enhance the glittering effect and to protect the stone from changing its colour, mostly called fading, due to sunlight, heat and common natural phenomena.

    Treated Turquoise – ready to mount on your finger

    As Turquoise is more of a legend than of a simple gemstone, we start here with a myth, which the Zuni used to believe. The Blue Turquoise is male, which comes from the sky and the Green Turquoise is female and comes from the earth. Whether it’s a male or a female, in reality both the male and female turquoises are too soft and sensitive to be mounted to your rings or bracelet directly from the mines.

    Mostly the raw turquoises, which are extracted from the mines, are of very small sizes. In scientific jargon it is called cryptocrystalline, which means very tiny crystals to be viewed by a microscope only.

    The softness is turquoise is too high; the hardness ranges between 2 to 6 if measured in Mohs scale. Again it is said, the better the quality of the turquoise, the softer the stone is. They are even softer than the glasses of windows. It is very difficult to cut the original turquoise due the porosity. These fragile turquoises are almost unusable for jewelry. Here you must notice that normally the turquoises are inlaid or carved in the jewelries with coral, jasper, pearls and sometimes with gold. And most of the associated jewels have got better hardness according to Mohs scale. This leads to the probability of cracks/ scratches etc. in the precious stone, turquoise. This is also to be noted that the specific gravity of the processed or treated turquoises becomes lower than the natural or virgin one.

    So all turquoises, even including the high value turquoises also, are to be processed properly before mounting them in ornaments. Some common treatments are stabilization, waxing, coloring / dying. The main purpose of any treatment is to increase the hardness and reduce the porosity, in one word to increase the stability or the durability. The colour treatments help to enhance the glittering effect and to protect the stone from changing its colour, mostly called fading, due to sunlight, heat and common natural phenomena..

    Most of the turquoises undergo a process called Stabilization. Some common treatments in the stabilization process include wax, staining, colloidal silica deposition, and plastics impregnation.

    Light waxing and oiling as first treatment provides the wetting effect. This enhances the colour and luster of the material. In reality the wax treatment adds a layer of wax on the surface of the turquoise to prevent the turquoise from body oils and other chemicals and heat or sunlight from fading its colour. Waxing turquoise looks even finer. These are highly expensive and belong to gem grade.

    To reduce the porosity, Turquoises are poured into epoxies or acrylic resigns or other substances, so that these are infused into the pores of the turquoise to form a solid turquoise. Once the poors are filled up, the hardness is automatically increased. Additionally the colour looks fresh. Just waxed or hardened by simple resign treatment does not decrease the value of the turquoise.

    The Plastic impregnation is done by osmosis of hot plastics to the pores of the Turquoise to reduce porosity increasing the hardness and durability of the turquoise. Plastic impregnation or other simple hardness enhancer processes keep the value of the turquoise intact. It is also easy to identify the plastic stabilization, because a hot pin touching the Turquoise will result a deep mark in the stone and give off the smell of resign.

    Sometimes pressure techniques are followed, when turquoises with epoxy or resign and plastic (such as polystyrene) are processed under high pressure by water glasses. This produces a wetting effect and improves durability.

    There are several chemical treatments, which change or stabilize the colour of the turquoise to save you from fading your luck. Firstly turquoise is treated with chemical and then heated. This heating process filters the residual chemicals resulting a clean turquoise. This is called Zachary Process. The most significant part of this process is that the colour remains in tact over a longer-period of time without turning to a green colour. For buyers, according the ICA rules, the kind of coloring treatment must be indicated in the turquoise for sale.

    Now, let us discuss a common question regarding the dark rings in the turquoise. Don’t forget that the mother stone of Turquoise is Matrix. So, if the stones were not cut with utmost care, then, matrix remains bound to the turquoise, producing dark rings in the turquoises. So, the dark rings are nor due to any treatment or chemical process, rather it is a impurity, comes with the turquoise.

    Reconstituted turquoises mean chips mixed with resign before molded to proper shapes. Firstly pieces of turquoises are grinded to form Turquoise powder. Then the resign is mixed and finally heated. The molding turquoise is shaped according to the choice. This process results a natural hard and more stable materials. Turquoise formed by this artificial method is called reconstituted turquoise because they are basically manmade turquoises. As the proportion of resign is very high, a distinguish odor is smelt, reducing the value of the turquoise.

    There are some very low categories of turquoises, which are called chalk or chip. The softness makes them unusable. They are of very low pricing and may be used for murals only, that too after several chemical and hardening processes.

    The most desirable turquoises are the virgin turquoises, which have not undergone processing or treatment for enhancement of colour and hardness. They are simply shaped and polished after extracting from the mines. They are very costly as well as belong to the rare class.

    Its very difficult to identify the proper turquoise and its value. Several methodologies have come up to detect the originality including Infrared testing equipments. So, either you need to consult a testing laboratory or depend upon the long-term relationship or the reputation of the jewellery shop. As the investment is very high and it may turn your luck also, a proper identification procedure is to be ensured.

    Turquoise stands for strength and fortune. The belief is the enormous power may even stop flood. So you also need to work hard to achieve the stone to enhance your power or luck (!)