Tanzanite White Gold

    Tanzanite White Gold

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    Tanzanite White Gold

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    This white gold actually is an alloy of gold mixed with white metals like nickel, silver and palladium. Like white gold, tanzanite is also a new comer in the world of jewellery. It is the beautiful tonal harmony between these two that has made them the hottest couple in the arena of fancy jewellery.

    Summary: This white gold actually is an alloy of gold mixed with white metals like nickel, silver and palladium. Like white gold, tanzanite is also a new comer in the world of jewellery. It is the beautiful tonal harmony between these two that has made them the hottest couple in the arena of fancy jewellery.

    Emergence of white gold in international market

    Tanzanite jewelry with white goldThe lives and works of the great painters are marked by their incessant experimentation with new forms and mediums. The innovative applications of their experimental works have produced great results in forms of creations that have been immortalized in the history of art and culture. The 21st century jewellery designers seem to infuse this ideal in their form of art. This new generation designers have revolutionized the international jewellery industry by introducing the use of new mediums. Their efforts are all about bridging the gap between traditional and contemporary. They stepped out of the boring world of glistening yellow gold and blinding flashes of diamonds, by replacing them with hitherto unused metals like platinum, white gold or oxidized gold and plenty of unknown dazzling semi precious stones.

    Tanzanite white gold: the hottest duo

    The market responses to these bold experimentations was overwhelming, leading to a steep rise in the demands for this futuristic trinkets, which should better be termed as accessories, rather than ornaments. The philosophy behind these creations being wearability make them fit for any kind of attire – formal or informal. In their attempt to give their creations contemporary at the same time a classy look, the designers put emphasis on the basic colours like white and try to avoid the high degree of brightness. This philosophy is the secret behind immense popularity of white gold. Again, the etiquette of jewllery demands when the colour of metal looks slightly subdued, the stone should display a vivacity of colour. That is why, it is a common practice to team the bright coloured gems with white gold. But it is the superb combination of tanzanite and white gold that has the charisma of becoming the ultimate show stopper. Any person, who has an eye for colour and penchant for beauty, the excellent pairing of white gold and purple tanzanite is bound to invoke emotions. Stealing the purplish hue from amethyst and richness of blue from sapphire, tanzanite demonstrates such an assortment of colour that is unique in itself. And when this magnificence of colour is submerged in the coolness of white gold, then it truly becomes a visual treat for anybody who covets the finer sides of life.

    Facts about white gold

    The word gold is synonymous with the bright yellow metal that since time immemorial has inspired the awe of mankind and associated with everything that is rich, powerful and prestigious. As the definition of jewellery changed over time and the classy look rather than dressy look emerged as the dominating factor, yellow gold gradually took the back seat and white gold occupied the position of prominence. This white gold actually is an alloy of gold mixed with white metals like nickel, silver and palladium. Like yellow gold, white gold is divided into variety of carats. White gold is found in 9 carat, 10 carat, 14 carat and 18 carat. 18 carat white gold consists of 75% gold and 25% white metal. In most cases 18 carat white gold is mixed with palladium. 9 carat white gold is made up of 3 parts of gold and 5 parts of silver. White gold can also be alloyed with nickel, which renders it a good colour as well as a good hardness. But nickel can produce allergy in sensitive skins. White gold closely resembles platinum in its beauty and sophistication. But platinum which is purest of all metals is much heavier, denser and much more long lasting than gold.A small piece of platinum jewellery commands a price perhaps twice the price of jewellery in white gold. This is another reason why, white gold is in great demand now a days; for a much lesser price one can buy almost the same elegance as platinum.

    Facts about tanzanite

    Like white gold, tanzanite is also a new comer in the world of jewellery. It is the beautiful tonal harmony between these two that has made them the hottest couple in the arena of fancy jewellery. The rich violet -blue shade, in tanzanite, the chief factor behind its popularity, vary according to the size. The bluish hue increases with the stone size, while smaller and more common stones in the category of 1-3 carats range display the intensity of purple. Price is higher for bigger and bluer stones. However heat treatment for enhancing the colour is a common practice so far as tanzanites are concerned. Tanzanite being a softer variety of gemstone like emerald is very sensitive to knock, pressure and sudden temperature change. So wearing and prevention of tanzanite require special care and attention.

    Making tanzanite white gold jewelleries

    As said earlier that tanzanite is rather a soft gemstone. Therefore making tanzanite jewellery requires a skillful craftsmanship. At the same time, choice of metal is also a matter of importance. In order to contain the stone, a strong base is required and that is why a 10 carat or 14 carat white gold [which is much stronger than pure 22 carat gold] is used to make tanzanite jewelleries. To provide it an extra protection, prong setting is always recommended. In addition to that, the gold is given a protective coating of rhodium, a silver white metal like platinum. This coating also brightens up the metal.

    The specialists recommend a replating once in every year, as the brightness of the metal fades away over time. From earring to bracelet, or ring to necklace, tanzanite and white gold combination works out its magic on every piece of jewellery.For a more artistic touch, some prefer to add a dash of yellow gold along side the white. Sometimes the metal is mat-finished. Thus the scope of innovation is immense. It is only the matter of your decision which of the piece, you will select. But one thing is guarranted, that is, you will always feel proud of your possession.

    Aquamarine Gemstone Mining

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    Aquamarine Gemstone Mining

    by Sheweta Dhanuka

    The mining process starts from carrying out the geological site investigation and environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the mines that might offer aquamarine gemstone. Then, the landform is defined by the gently moving the surface with a smooth wave like motion and is raised above the sea level. This is referred as Geomorphology.

    Aquamarine is ” The Gem of the Sea “. It is a light bluish green precious stone. In Latin, ‘aqua refers to water’ while ‘ mare means sea’ so together when we join ‘aqua’ and ‘mare’ it becomes aquamarine. Therefore, aquamarine means sea water. As the name suggests, it possesses all the different shades of the sea water – light blue color to dark with the touch of green in all the possible variations.

    With the increase in the size of the stone, the color becomes more light and transparent. Aquamarine contains the tiny amount of iron, which is responsible for giving it the color. Sometimes it is heated or irradiated to get the desired colors from the pale aquamarine crystals. The price of the stone rises with the intensity of it’s color.

    The premier source of aquamarine gemstones having dark blue shades to lighter ones is Madagascar. Gemstone’s country Brazil supplies the good quantity of aquamarine stones. Other aquamarine mines are found in the African countries of Tanzania, Kenya, Mozambique and Nigeria. This gemstone is procured from the island of Sri Lanka, USA and Russia too.

    Also, mines at Gilgit in Pakistan and few parts of Afghanistan holds large amounts of aquamarine. Miami, Hurungwe, Pfungwe, and Motoko are yet other sources situated in different parts of the world. All the mines are mostly above the sea level. The mining process starts from carrying out the geological site investigation and environmental impact assessment (EIA) of the mines that might offer aquamarine gemstone.

    Then, the landform is defined by the gently moving the surface with a smooth wave like motion and is raised above the sea level. This is referred as Geomorphology. The identified area contains Precambrian metamorphic rocks under it. These rocks are composed of many minerals like quartz, feldspar, mica, garnet, biotite etc. And it holds many gemstones within it. Metamorphic rocks comprise some veins called as Pegmatite veins that host aquamarine crystals.

    These veins are sheared and vary from 10m to 40m in thickness. Aquamarine crystals are of cabochon to facet grade varieties and are quite clear bearing few inclusions. Aquamarine mineralization occurs within the pegmatites veins. The center of the pegmatite, being massive is fractured and banded. The veins are fractured through opencast mining method using pneumatic tools.

    Compressor, jackhammer, picks, shovels, chisels, ladders, etc are few to name. The mining then is augmented by a bulldozer to mine the aquamarine. Once the gemstone is free of the rock, it is collected and cleaned off with the water. It is crucial to mention that aquamarine mining is quite environment-friendly. Toxic and environment-unfriendly chemicals and materials like mercury and cyanide are not used for mining of aquamarine. These are used in the mining of gold and base metals.

    As learned above, the metamorphic rock containing aquamarine is braked apart into large pieces with the tools that insert the air/gas pressure inside the rocks. With the pressure the rocks splits, gems are procured and later washed with water. Thus, mining is simple having no harmful or adverse effects. And also after exhausting the reserves, water is pumped from the pits and purified using chlorine.

    The pits are filled with a waste of rock. Above it, a layer of soil is laid having the thickness of 2m to 4m. After the soil gets settled, grass, relevant trees, and plants are planted. The vegetation is taken care of to ensure growth for a couple of years. Other wastes, such as plastics, waste paper, metal cans etc., is collected in separate metal boxes and later transported to recyclers or dumped at dumpsites. In case any petrochemical pollutant passes to water stream then the streams are well cleaned. In all, after the work is done the place is well organized and regains it’s natural to look.

    Aquamarines collected from the mines are called as rough aquamarine. These are then sorted by size, shape, and color. After the sorting, it undergoes “gem processing” – the most critical step. The process of transforming the “rough” gemstones into beautiful and attractive gems takes the lot of experience, hard work, and potential. In order to optimize the rough, it is cut into long and thin slabs. Usually, aquamarines are free from inclusions and fractures so it proceeds directly to the next stage of gem processing. But, in case it has any fractures then those are removed with a diamond saw blade and the process is called sawing.

    In the next stage, the stones are outlined on the slab and the shapes are cut. It being a resistant stone, cutters give new and modern cuts. This process is called as pre-forming. The pre-forming is done on diamond grinding wheels lubricated by water. After getting the shape sometimes aquamarine is colored by the color centers. Mostly, this gemstone posses natural blue-green to light sky blue color. Thus, no further coloring is required. But, when the stone is yellow or pale, it is heat treated to produce the demanding bluish green colors. The heat treatment is performed in specialized laboratories by the experts. Thus, the coloring results are stable and permanent.

    In this way, aquamarine completes a long journey from metamorphic rocks to the showrooms to be part of our jewelry. It is really a valuable stone that used to be considered as the treasure of the mermaids of the sea. Aquamarines are widely used in all the jewelry items making women more beautiful in the entire world. So here is just one small tip- when making the purchase of aquamarine jewelry look for the light sparks it emits in daylight. The sparkle should be bright and colorful. So happy buying and enjoy wearing the treasure of the sea !!!!

    How amethyst can heal

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    How amethyst can heal

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    Since antiquity, amethyst has been regarded as the stone of spirituality and psychic empowerment. The article reflects on the other healing properties of this universally praised gemstone.

    It was during the 1980’s that the crystal healing as a natural therapy started to create the stir in the western society. But the folklores and legends of miraculous survival and magical healing had always been an essential part of mythologies of every ancient culture. Several objects have been identified for possessing magical qualities relating to healing and protection. In the ancient days when men could not work out the scientific explanations of the natural occurrences, they used to describe them as the wrath of nature, or manifestation of the anger of evil forces. In the times of natural calamities, people leaned towards nature itself to seek protections from her fury. In their quest, men had discovered the fact that natural herself invested several objects with therapeutic properties. In those days when vaccination or other advanced therapies were unknown to the people, these natural objects were used in vogue as valuable amulets.

    Men could never escape the appeal of a lustrous beauty of gems and crystals. Besides using them in jewellery, the men of ancient civilizations also discovered their mystical powers. As history advanced and civilizations matured, men in various parts of the world chronicled systematically the power and properties of various gemstones and the ways and purposes of using them to reap the benefits. Especially, the ancient Hindu scriptures are believed to perform a pioneering role in this direction. In ancient Europe and the Middle East also the studies relating to the values of crystals opened new dimensions of research and academic query. On the basis of these ancient resources, the modern astrologers both in the east and the west proliferated the scope of this discipline further.

    Among many precious and semi precious gemstones, amethyst occupies a special position in the studies of crystal healing. Amethyst with its ethereal purple hues, is universally regarded for the highest spiritual quality. From the Greek and Egyptian legends to the ancient Indian Ayurvedic literature, to the Oriental studies of Feng Shui or Reiki, amethyst’s role as a great therapeutic crystal has been acknowledged in every corner of this planet.

    How does it heal?

    All the gemstones are the source of the particular ray having strong vibrational qualities. The rays create the energy field that is absorbed by the human body resulting in positive outcomes in various aspects of life. In the case of amethyst, the energy it radiates is called purple ray which is believed to yield strong psychic powers and imbibe the wearer with spiritual insights. The frequencies remitted by an amethyst also clear stress from the system. The multifarious benefits of amethyst have made it the most commonly used healing gemstone.

    Healing with amethyst has two aspects: mental and physical

    Mental healing

    The healing with any crystal starts at the metaphysical level. This is a holistic approach to healing which believes that the crystals at the times of their formation had absorbed earth’s energy which can be applied to treat various kinds of physical and emotional ailments. Amethyst is probably the most sought after healing crystal which is commonly attributed three qualities: tranquilization, purification, and transition.

    The purple rays of amethyst help one to tune with the higher awareness with the universe by transforming the lower energies into higher levels of energy. At the core level of its functioning amethyst connects the body and the spirit.

    The soft violent flame of the amethyst has a soothing effect that generally associates it with peace and tranquility. Deflecting the negative energies, amethyst relaxes the mind and the nervous system and alleviates stress and anxiety. Associated with the crown chakra, amethyst stimulates the activities of the right side of the brain. So wearing an amethyst improves the mental powers, creativity, and memory. It also stirs up one’s intuitive abilities and fills him with prophetic insight.

    In its transitional capacity, amethyst helps to come out of the traumas of past tragedies and brings peace of mind in case of a death of someone near.

    Physical healing
    Apart from being a great reliever of emotional disorders, amethyst is a powerful healer of many physical ailments as well. Boosting up the production of a hormone in the body and balancing the supply of endocrine, amethyst improves the body’s immunity system. It also helps the detoxification of the body.

    One of the commonest use of amethyst as elixirs for treating the bone-related diseases and joint pains. Amethyst elixir is also used to fight a toothache and digestive troubles, heart disorders and hearing disparities.
    Often amethyst is used to cure the blood-related disorders. Amethyst improves blood circulation and balances blood sugar.

    Amethyst also heals problems related to the central nervous system. That is why it is the most popular crystal to fight insomnia, nightmares, and other sleeping disorders. It also reduces stress and helps to overcome fear. A headache can also be relieved through the amethyst.

    The mythological background
    The widespread belief in amethyst’s mystical and healing powers are rooted in various mythologies and ancient literature. Spun over centuries, the fascinating tales surrounding amethyst have added hugely to the talismanic value of this violet gemstone which finds its respectful mention in almost all ancient civilizations, the Greek, the Egyptian, the Hindu, the Celtic and the Roman.

    The notion that amethyst cures addiction to alcohol is founded in the Greek mythology involving Greek God Dionysus (Bacchus) and the Goddess Diana. The word amethyst originated in the Greek word “amethyst” meaning not intoxicated. Lord Dionysus, the god of wine and celebration once inadvertently got angry with the maiden called amethyst. Seeing his wrath, Amethyst called out for Goddess Diana who turned her into a clear white stone to save the innocent girl from the fury of Dionysus. Later on realizing his mistake, Dionysus became upset and some drops of the wine from his cup fall on the stone which absorbed the color of the wine to become soft purple. This purple amethyst stone came to be known as amethyst after the name of a poor maiden.

    Based on this legend it has been always believed that wearing amethyst jewelry made people immune to the intoxicating effects of alcohol. That is why amethyst is a great stone struggling against alcoholic addiction and any other forms of cravings and other compulsive disorders.

    Amethyst’s acceptance as a transitional aide can be traced in the legend regarding the color of the sky in the dusk. The legend draws a symbolic resemblance between the low visibility at the time when evening approaches with a lilac sky overhead, and the journey of the soul in search of greater awareness when the path seems to be half enlightened and half covered with darkness.

    In the middle ages, the Roman Catholic Bishops wore amethyst gemstone rings which gave rise to amethyst’s use as a sign of sobriety and celibacy. In western theology, amethyst is synonymous with piety, humility, sincerity and spiritual awareness. It is also believed that amethyst is the ideal stone to signify The Age of Aquarius.

    The Tibetan monks also used amethysts in their rosaries, to ward off the evil or negative forces. All throughout the Orient, amethyst is thus viewed as the tool to deflect the negative energy.

    According to Ayurvedic practices, amethyst is a very effective healer through the Chakra system which tends to divide the body into several energy circles. In Chakra therapy, amethyst is described as the crystal that works for clearing the energy blockages to provide the proper alignment of the Chakras and a free flow of energy through them. Amethyst is associated with 6th and 7th Chakras located at brow and crown areas respectively. Amethyst is believed to stabilize energies and heal the ailments located within these Chakra areas.

    The Essential qualities of therapeutic amethyst

    Getting the therapeutic results from any gemstone becomes impossible unless the stone is pure and flawless. In case of amethyst, a stone with the most appropriate color and without any inclusion is extremely difficult to find. With the color of the stone becoming darker or lighter from this optimal shade, the healing power of amethyst is supposedly diminishes. The ideal color in a therapeutic amethyst is that of a vivacious violet seen in a rainbow.

    The inner alignment of the amethyst is very important as it is directly related to balancing the inner self with respect to emotion, spirituality, intellect and so on. The stone with maximum clarity has the maximum therapeutic capacity. More the stone has inclusions more they block the radiation of energies. However, small inclusions creating prismatic effects are acceptable. The stones with such inclusions display a rainbow or partial rainbow like color arrangements. These stones have greater therapeutic energies. The inclusions in forms of dark flecks or clouds reduce the energy and amethyst with such inclusions and scratches and chippings are of poor therapeutic value.

    How to use?
    Apart from using jewelry, there are several more ways of using amethyst to receive the positive energies from it. Pressing a very small piece of stone with a diameter of 4-6mm on any acupuncture point leads to the clearing of energy blockade. For arthritis patients wrapping amethyst beds in a strand around the area of paining joints yield the very good result.

    To let the amethysts soak in the sun for the whole day is believed to increase its healing powers. This sun – soaked amethyst will keep your home free from negative energies. On the other hand, let the amethyst absorb the moonlight for the whole night and that will keep your family members calm and in a peaceful state of mind.

    Keeping amethyst in forms of cluster or pyramids will increase the spiritual feelings of the members of the house. However, it is generally recommended that the power of amethyst should be applied cautiously to the patients having paranoid or schizoid tendencies.

    Tanzanite bracelets

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    Tanzanite bracelets

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    A bracelet is one of the most sophisticated pieces of jewellery which emphasizes on your love for details. Coming to the option of a tanzanite bracelet, what could be more eye-catching than a circle of gorgeous purple gemstones shimmering around your slender wrist? Leaving aside the whole gang of traditional favourites like diamonds, rubies or sapphires, your selection of a tanzanite bracelet will definitely be a signature of your appetite for exceptional and exclusive.

    Significance of accessoriesAs the present age is markedly branded as the age of competition, the packaging and presentation have very significant. An eye for details is a prerequisite for a flawless presentation. These days a truly stylist person is expected to look ravishing from lip to toes. In this quest for the perfect look, accessories have appeared as important players. The much hyped perfect look depends in a large way, on the knack of choosing right accessories. Your dressing is never complete without the addition of the right accessories. At the same time, a tricky use of accessories can accentuate your style statement. According to the modern fashion experts, in order of importance, jewelleries rank first among all kinds of accessories.

    The contribution of bracelet towards your overall getup

    The significance of jewellery lies in its stimulating impact on one’s personality. Each piece of jewellery is meant to perform different duties. While a necklace renders resplendence to the upper portion of the body, an earring brings out the elements of symmetry in the face. The bangles and bracelets highlight the roundness of the hands, thus adding more to the feminine flavor.

    The unusual flavor of a tanzanite bracelet

    A bracelet is one of the most sophisticated pieces of jewellery which emphasizes on your love for details. Coming to the option of a tanzanite bracelet, what could be more eye-catching than a circle of gorgeous purple gemstones shimmering around your slender wrist? Leaving aside the whole gang of traditional favorites like diamonds, rubies or sapphires, your selection of a tanzanite bracelet will definitely be a signature of your appetite for exceptional and exclusive. Diamonds may be expensive, emeralds may be aristocratic, but an exotic entry of gleaming violet-blue tanzanite is a statement of beauty enhanced by the use of brain .

    Facts about tanzanite

    Tanzanite Stone

    Buying a tanzanite bracelet becomes fun if you make an informed decision about the purchase. Here is some basic information regarding tanzanite: First, tanzanite is rather a new entrant in the vast network of gemstones. Being discovered just about 30 years back and its source being restricted to only a remote place of east Africa, the price of this stone in the international market is rather high. While bigger stones in 10 carat range command a price over $1000 per carat, the smaller stone in 1 – 3 carat range comes for a price tag of $300 – $400 per carat. Secondly, the most coveted element in tanzanite is its unusual assortment of colours. It displays a tonal harmony of purple and blue, a combination that under the back drop of different lights appear somewhat ethereal. While the stones in smaller size are much purple, the stones of higher caratage are more intense in blue. Third important point in tanzanite is its softness. Like emerald, this softer variety of stone is full of brittle fractures and very much sensitive to the knock, pressure and sudden temperature change. That is why wearing and cleaning tanzanite jewelleries require special care and protection.

    Choice of a tanzanite bracelet

    In order to flaunt your colorful tanzanite bracelet to its fullest advantage you have to consider the following points.

    * First of all you have to determine which design or what type of tanzanite bracelet suits your taste, personality, figure and your wardrobe.

    * A bracelet should not be too snug that makes you uncomfortable or should not be too loose that it slides down on to your hands. It is supposed to softly coil around just above the wrist. The rule of the fashion demands, slender wrist is suitable for a narrower bracelet. For a heavier wrist a substantially broader is perfect. An average wrist can carry well both the styles.

    * Again your bracelet should be in proportion to the type and style of your attire. For example, a former tailored outfit is best matched with a bracelet of an elegant and vintage look. A funky dress can be best be complemented by a chain-link tanzanite bracelet.

    * As tanzanite stones are very fragile, the ways of opening of bracelet for putting on or taking of purposes are very important. There are plenty of methods like using a hinge, a clasp or a spring ring or it may have a hidden device as well. But whatever method is used, it should be unobtrusive and in complete harmony with the ornament.

    * There are varieties of styles of bracelets. For example a tennis bracelet displays the beauty of tanzanite stones in their fullest effect. Tennis bracelets, popularized by ace tennis champion Chris Evert feature a row of circular channel set tanzanites. These tennis rings are among those ornaments, which a lady can wear all the time like a wedding ring. However, for a bolder statement, one can choose slightly bigger size tanzanite prong set in platinum.

    * Last but not least is the surface treatment of the metal which provides the finishing touch to your favorite piece of jewellery. Depending on the design and the taste of the wearer the metal should either be polished to shine or mat-finished.

    Care for your tanzanite bracelet

    Bracelet is a type of ornament, which is an easy victim to knocks and bumps. Therefore, it is advised, that you must check from time to time, whether the stones are secure. Before doing any harsh works, like dish or cloths washing, take off the bracelets to avoid the contact with detergent. Take time off from your work to give your valuable piece of jewellery, a touch of pampering by washing them with ionic solutions. Always preserve them separately in fabric lined jewel box. Expend some extra minutes for your favorite jewellery and they will give you extra shine and extra longevity in return.

    Mineral collecting as hobby

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    Mineral collecting as hobby

    by Ardamun

    The best source for collection of mineral specimen are the mines and quarries. The other places of interest you could explore, could be mountains, where landslides have occurred, rock exposures near cliffs, lake shores, sea shores and stream beds.

    Minerals are naturally occurring, inorganic substances formed through geological processes. A true mineral is solid and has a crystalline structure. There are around 4000 minerals, ranging from pure elements and simple salts to complex silicates. For many, mineral collecting is a fascinating hobby. Mineralogy, the study of minerals, can help us understand how the Earth was formed. Its study is an outstanding introduction to Physics and Chemistry. Though there are no hard and fast rules, the hobby of mineral collecting entails:

    • Collection for personal interest and pleasure
    • Collection of samples to be part of a personal collection
    • Collection is not for the purpose of sales
    • Collected samples can be swapped with fellow hobbyists as a part of boosting your personal collection

    Where to look for Minerals

    The best source for collection of mineral specimen are the mines and quarries. The other places of interest you could explore, could be mountains, where landslides have occurred, rock exposures near cliffs, lake shores, sea shores and stream beds. Care needs to be exercised while exploring abandoned mines and quarries. You may require permission to enter certain quarries and mines that are private property.

    To indulge in your hobby, equip yourself well while exploring sites. Shoes/boots should have steel toe caps and soles with a good grip. They should be comfortable for long hikes. Any clothes suitable for hiking would be fine for your excursions. If you are exploring mines, you may need a sweater or two, incase of lower temperatures. Personal safety dictates the use of goggles, sturdy gloves and hard hats. Of course, do not forget to carry along a first aid kit.

    For collection of samples, you will need the following:

    • Geological hammer
    • A chisel for shaping/trimming specimens
    • A prospector’s shovel
    • A normal all-purpose two pound hammer
    • A rock chisel for separating imbedded specimen from rocks
    • A crow bar, for dislodging larger pieces of rocks
    • Miscellaneous equipment, such as a gold pan, metal detector, a lamp and a knapsack

    The above equipment is not exhaustive and you may include others like, a magnifying glass, pocket knife, a magnet, a camera etc. Trim your specimens to a practical size and wrap them individually. To avoid destruction of fragile and/or small specimens empty egg cartons can be ideally used. A good and conscientious hobbyist would always label the collection, albeit temporarily on site, with details of locations from where they were collected. These details are easily forgotten at a later stage, especially on a busy expedition.

    When you get back home, clean the specimens with water and a soft brush, especially when the samples are soft minerals. If need be, use detergents. Care should be taken in the case of minerals that are water-soluble. Alcohol can be used to clean such minerals. Once done, label the specimens finally, prior to storage. Alternately, you can number the specimens and enter the number in a journal giving details regarding its name, location from where excavated and any other information you may wish to impart.

    As your collection grows, you may need to devise better methods of storage and information. Storage could be based on location, crystal structure or whichever method you may decide.

    Mineral Collecting – Is it a Hobby in Decline?

    As an amateur hobby, mineral collecting – especially field collecting – seems to be on the decline. Post WW II; with America actively seeking uranium ores, people started to explore for uranium to get rich. There were few successes but it got them hooked on mineral collecting. After its peak in the late 1950s, its popularity was on the wane. How did this happen? There was nothing new to spur their interests. There is a decline of mining industry in America. The mines and quarries, the erstwhile ‘gold mines’ of mineral specimens, have closed down. They have either ‘exhausted’ or there are cheaper foreign sources available. A few of them that are active do not allow individual collectors and have contracted out to private companies to collect and market the specimens. The sources of collecting free specimens to augment one’s hobby have all but dried up and have put it beyond the reach of average collectors.

    There is less likelihood of amateur hobbyists going out on weekends and come back with quality specimens. Those days of field collection have long gone past. Collectors today are more concerned with the economics of collection. There is a marked lack of knowledge about the science of mineralogy and crystallography when compared with the hobbyists of yore. There is no curiosity about the wonders of minerals and how they were created within the Earth. Armchair mineral collectors shop for specimens and buy the best available to augment their collections.

    Mineral Collecting – How to Stop the Decline?

    One serious question facing concerned hobbyists and collectors is how to develop interest in minerals in young people. How do they explain their fascination with these objects? Mineral collection has become a professional business and is no longer amateur.

    There must be a dedicated effort to make mineral collecting a popular hobby as soon as possible. Collectors, dealers and such hobbyists must get together to interest new recruits into the fold. Two possible ways would be to:

    • Get them started without much expense.
    • Expose them to relevant activities, repeatedly.

    Local mineral clubs can recruit new collectors and whet their interest by organizing shows displaying generous selection of minerals specimens. Hobbyists can approach schools and interest them in developing a section on mineralogy. They could organize a guest lecture at school, where the hobbyist or the collector can show interesting specimens. Field trips can be arranged, where children are taken on expeditions to collect specimens. Invite the teacher and the children to your home to check out your complete collection of mineral specimens. Volunteer to take them on a trip to the Natural Museum and take them through the mineral displays. Give them a lecture on these displays with complete background of the minerals.

    Hobbyists and collectors will have to get together to awaken the interest of young people in this fascinating hobby.

    Take your Hobby Further

    Once you have amassed a sizable collection of minerals, you may wish to use your collection to earn a livelihood. With your knowledge of the basic fundamentals of mineralogy and crystallography, it is apt to convert your hobby into your profession. Before putting your collection up for sale, ensure that:

    • Your specimens are properly photographed, without touch ups, especially when posting them on your website.
    • You describe your specimens accurately and make note of damages, if any.
    • All your specimens are priced fairly.
    • You are able to answer all questions from prospective customers accurately and promptly.

    In case you are unable to respond to a query, you should be able to let them know from where they can get appropriate information. One such place is The Mineralogical Society of America (MSA). As a person who is interested in mineralogy and crystallography it would be advisable that you too seek membership in such an organization. The Society encourages the general preservation of mineral collections, among other things. You can learn more about this organization by visiting its website at http://www.minsocam.org.

    Reiki and Amethyst

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    Reiki and Amethyst

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    Traditionally regarded as the gemstone of higher spiritual insight and a great meditation tool, amethyst has been revered all over the world for centuries. Particularly in the orient, amethyst remained the most sought after energy enhancer. This huge reserve of positive energy of amethyst can be channelized to treat the ailments in several oriental traditional therapies. Among these alternative healing procedures, reiki emerged as one of the most popular practices in the contemporary times. However, the use of amethyst has been proved to entice even higher level of energy in the delivering reiki.

    The Use of Amethyst in Reiki

    What is Reiki
    The etymological origin of reiki can be traced to the Chinese word ki or chi meaning universal life energy. It is the source of life and it sustains life. A channel is a person who acts as a conduit of energy that is drawn from universe and then transferred to the body of recipient of reiki. The reiki channel masters this art of drawing energy which is then absorbed by her inner self and dispersed over her whole existence. This is the process of attunement. This excess energy accumulates in her palms and by touching various parts of the ailing person’s body this energy gets transferred into the patient’s body. A reiki treatment is all about harnessing the universal energy and then direct it to heal the ailments. During the treatment, the recipient’s subconscious mind channelizes the energy to the point where healing is required.

    How Reiki Works
    The application of reiki enhances the inherent power of the body and the mind and their capacity to heal. It also assists the individual to explore in his inside the hidden store of compassion and other softer emotions. In the process a balance is struck between the physical, emotional and the spiritual aspect of his personality.

    Once the balance is struck, the recipient of reiki feels calm and relaxed and this is particularly the point where the healing starts taking place. The longer he can retain within himself this peaceful feeling, less time will be required for healing.

    The Use of Crystals in Reiki
    Reiki is described as a hands-on- technique which can be experienced, but cannot be explained. The practice involves a transfer of energy to the recipient from the reiki master who pulls the energy of the universe from the environment surrounding her. As such, the role of the master is very important for rendering a successful healing treatment through reiki. In turn the masters or reiki channels use types of symbols and chants and in some cases the crystals to augment the mental ability and intuitions which enhances the power of healing.

    The use of crystals in combination with reiki is rather a recent phenomena which was initiated some ten years ago and since then became very popular among a school of reiki practitioners who seem to combine the crystal energy with reiki to recharge the programming of self-healing of mind and the body. Crystals are not a compulsory part of reiki treatment and not all the crystal healers are the reiki practitioners. Still both borrow from each other because both of their powers are founded on the unlimited source of universal energy. While reiki is the process of draining the highest knowledge of universe to heal the ailments, the crystals have assimilated within themselves the parts of this immense energy which can heal any ailments if applied judiciously.

    The Use of Amethyst n Reiki
    The use of crystals is supposed to enhance the impact of reiki energy as the channel is now empowered with the healing vibes of the gemstones. Therefore the reiki channels use at the time of treatment, one or more crystals according to the nature of patient’s mental or physical state. As such, amethyst has a prominent role in the reiki treatment for its repute of being the spiritual stone that brings tranquility and enhances psychic powers. Depending on its color, this purple stone is associated with the two major Chakras or energy centers of the body; they are the Third Eye Chakra and the Crown Chakra. Amethyst helps in the development of many aspects of individual personality and makes the person powerful from within by igniting his self healing mechanism.

    Wearing amethyst is advised by the reiki practitioners to those patients who suffer from the brain related ailments. Such problems as depression, lack of concentration, compulsive behavioral disorders or other phobia are treated in reiki with the additional help of healing energies of an amethyst. Those in quest for higher spiritual understanding or practicing the art of meditation are also treated with an amethyst in reiki. Then, for those undergoing a reiki session, in search of mental relaxation, an added touch of amethyst can produce more effective result.

    The Use of Amethyst in Reiki according to the locations of Chakra
    There is a close relation between the chakra or energy centers of the body and the aura or the energy fields surrounding the body. In Ayurvedic tradition, Chakra indicates wheels of energy situated at different locations of human body. The driving force of life flows through these chakras. Each chakra is associated and controls a specific aspect of life. If the normal flow of energy of any chakra is disrupted, that particular aspect of life gets affected. On the other hand, a regular and balanced energy flow through the chakras ensures a happy and healthy life in all aspects.

    A reiki practitioner is supposed to place the right stone at the corresponding chakra area of the body. Each energy centre of the body is located at specific areas of the body and the energy flow of that part of the body can be balanced with the help of the cosmic energy radiated by the crystal associated with that chakra. The healing qualities of the crystal are added into the energy that the therapist is attuned to and together these two sets of energy flow into the patient’s body. In case of using amethyst, it is placed in the brow area of the patients as it is associated with the healing of any mental disorders.

    The way of Application of the amethyst in reiki
    Before using the amethyst, the stone should be cleared and made ready for application. The idea is to place the amethyst in the proper area of chakra. However multiple stones can be used for each chakra. In reiki, natural quartz crystals are particularly recommended for use as they release the maximum amount of energy. If other quartz than the chakra stones are used they should be laid near the patient’s body with the points towards the body. The chakra stones must however get the direct body contact. The patient himself also can hold the amethyst near his head during the reiki session.

    Amethyst as a crystal is believed to clear obstructions and bring back the right alignment of the Chakras. Blessed with the power of transforming energies at all levels, amethyst stabilizes energies of specific Chakra areas namely the 6th and 7th Chakras, which are the Third Eye or Brow and the Crown respectively.

    Brow or Third Eye Chakra is associated with such aspects of personality as, mental clarity, intuition and foresight. This chakra dominates biological activities of such organs as brain, nervous system, pituitary gland, pineal gland and eyes.

    Crown Chakra is associated with spirituality and higher knowledge about the source and sustenance life force. Biologically this chakra governs the functions of spinal cord, brain stem and nerves.

    After the amethyst is placed in the associated chakra areas the usual reiki treatment can commence. The practitioner either places his hands directly on the stone or keeps the palms slightly above the stone during the reiki session. However, the direct contact with the stone helps magnify the energy level of the channel.

    The Final Words
    An alternative cure system, reiki is all about drawing the positive frequencies of universe to create an atmosphere of love and compassion in which the negative energies responsible for spreading diseases and other disorders fail to operate. The amethyst is a stone that reflects the highest spiritual energy and when they are teamed for reducing human pains in any form, they produce unbelievable result.

    Tanzanite Earrings

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    Tanzanite Earrings

    by Madhubanti Rudra

    If the essence of a perfect woman is summarized by the words, beauty with brain, a perfect piece of jewellery shows of a tricky combination of affordability and aesthetics. The Tanzanite earrings are examples of perfection, where size of your purse never becomes an impediment on the way of your appreciation for fineries.

    Summary: If the essence of a perfect woman is summarized by the words, beauty with brain, a perfect piece of jewellery shows of a tricky combination of affordability and aesthetics. The Tanzanite earrings are examples of perfection, where size of your purse never becomes an impediment on the way of your appreciation for fineries.

    Appearance of Tanzanite

    Tanzanite

    Jewelleries are the manifestation of a woman’s inner voice. As such, every woman, especially the liberated woman of today, who loves to live the life on her own terms, always prefers to make a distinctive style statement. This endless craving for the new and exclusive is creating new currents every day international fashion circuit. The jewellery industry exemplifies the same trend. Hot favorites of today are a matter of clichi tomorrow. For example, bold and ethnic motifs which have been ruling the international fashion scenario for quite some time seems to gradually taking the back seat. On the other hand, colorful, semi-precious stones have made a grand entry, creating quite an influential impact on the fashion-savvy youngsters. From an elaborate necklace to a tiny piece of earring, these dazzling semi-precious stones find a place of pride. Of course, in this race of grabbing the bigger share of admiration, a few gemstones are running ahead of the others. Tanzanite is one of them. This comparatively new entrant in the world of gemstones seems to steal the show everywhere with its unusual velvety blue hues.

    Tanzanite earring: a unique choice

    The earrings are not only the oldest form of ornament; they are also the most basic part of a lady’s wardrobe. Leaving aside all other jewelleries, only a pair of small earrings can make all the differences to your sense of dressing. If the essence of a perfect woman is summarized by the words, beauty with brain, a perfect piece of jewellery shows of a tricky combination of affordability and aesthetics. The Tanzanite earrings are examples of perfection, where size of your purse never becomes an impediment on the way of your appreciation for fineries.

    Buying guide of tanzanite earrings

    Possession of jewelleries fills you with a feeling of security and confidence and of course lots of happiness. This joy of possession increases many fold, if you make a guided decision. First of all, each piece of ornament is supposed to perform its unique function. The earring, which stays at the closest proximity of the face is supposed to hide the facial flaws. Therefore, shape or size of the earrings must be in accordance with the face cutting, eye colour and hair style of the individual.

    An advantage with a Tanzanite earring is that, because of the richness and depth of the colour of this gemstone looks nice in any shape. Only in the bigger stones bluish tone is more prominent, while the smaller stones more purple. However, an earring with a large tanzanite is just perfect on a chubby face. On the other hand small tanzanite stud earrings go well with slim face and high cheek bones. Secondly, so far as the shape is concerned, tanzanites are available in any shape ranging from square, round, pear or heart shapes.

    Tanzanites are admired mostly because of its unusual colour assortment- a lavender blue hue that gives it a distinction among the crowd of variety of semi precious stones. The cutting and shape of the stones should be such that it should reflect this splendid colour in its fullest effect. But in the time of picking up a tanzanite earring, choose according to the shape and type of your face. While a big, round tanzanite stud earring will highlight the roundness of one’s face even more, a square stone can make the face look sharper by creating an edgy impact. While floral designs bring an essentially feminine touch, the geometrical patterns emphasize on a vintage look. Thirdly, for a tanzanite earring the choice of the metal is very important. In order to contain and complement the luxuriousness of the stone the metal should be equally rich in its look and element.

    Although the use of white gold is most common for tanzanite jewelleries, platinum gives it a touch of sophistication. The beauty of this rare gem can best be complimented by glossy and high polished metals. Fourthly, hoops and studs may be the safest option regarding the design of an earring. But as long as tanzanite is concerned one cam experiment with plethora of designs available in the market. Shoulder brushing earrings with small beads of tanzanite, suspended by thin white gold chains, speaks of someone with highly fashionable bend of mind. A chandelier which is considered the most gorgeous among all types of earrings can be made of with small pieces of tanzanite along with dollops of snow white pearls. Such creations are sure to add extra colour to your moments of celebration. Fifthly, fixing a budget and collecting information about the comparative prices is always a good idea.

    Tanzanite Stones

    The blue tanzanites are rare and they occur only in the bigger sizes in the range of 10 carats. These stones command higher prices in the international market, while the lavender coloured tanzanites which are available in smaller sizes in 3 – 4 carat range cost lesser. The next important point regarding a tanzanite earring is its scare. Since tanzanite is a softer variety of gemstone like emerald, it is very susceptible to knock and pressure. It is generally recommended that tanzanite should be mounted in a bezel and protected with heavy prongs as much as possible. The gem is also very heat sensitive and likely to develop cracks with sudden temperature change. At the time of wearing and taking it off, protect it from abrasion as much as possible. The contact with harsh chemicals can harm the stone. So always keep it separately in a cotton stuffed box and clean it with ionic solution.

    Lastly, while buying the jewelry of your choice beware of the imitation tanzanites. Although artificial tanzanites have not appeared in the market, synthetic corundum and synthetic spinels are often sold in the name of tanzanites. So always choose the jewellery shop carefully. It is important to collect from the jeweler a certificate on the authenticity of the gem stone and a buyback guarantee.

    How to care for Aquamarine jewelry

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    How to care for Aquamarine jewelry

    by Ritika Changrani

    Aquamarines are beautiful gems encasing the myriad colors of the sea. Safeguarding them against harmful chemicals and sharp blows is of primary importance. Timely cleaning will ensure the longevity of the gems and help maintain their unique luster.

    Aquamarine – The sea stone. The vivid hues of the sea are captured in this stone and said to be reflected in the personality of the wearer. It is a member of the Beryl family, to which emeralds also belong.

    If you want to preserve the original beauty of these gemstones, certain simple guidelines need to be followed.

    WEARING

    Caring for aquamarines begins with knowing how, when and where to wear them. You must remember the golden rule for jewelry : ALWAYS PUT IT ON LAST AND TAKE IT OFF FIRST (LIFO- Last In First Out).

    This means that jewelry should be put on after completion of make-up, which includes hair-spray and perfume. They contain certain harmful chemicals that may lead to damage of the aquamarines. Try to handle the gems as little as possible as natural oil secreted by the skin will dull the their luster over time. Look for any loose gems or clasps before finally putting on the jewelry.

    While doing domestic work or any kind of manual labor, remove your jewelry. Take care to remove aquamarine rings while doing gardening. Necklaces or bracelets can break easily if they get caught in a hook or a sharp edge. Aquamarines may crack if they are subject to blows. A sudden mistaken hit may cause the loss of one of your treasures.

    When going to the parlor for hair styling remember to remove any aquamarine earrings that you are wearing. The same holds for when you get your hair colored. The chemicals used are often harsh and contain ammonia and alcohol which may tarnish your gem.

    Avoid excessive exposure to sunlight as aquamarines tend to become pale. Always take jewelry off before going swimming. The chlorine content of water hinders its sheen.

    Follow the golden rule and you shall never go wrong.

    CLEANING

    Like most other gemstones, aquamarine requires regular care to ensure that it maintains its semblance. A yearly visit to your jeweler is advised for professional cleaning. He is the best person to detect even tiny damages in its early stages. Timely correction will result in your gems looking their finest all the time.

    However, there are some things that you can do in your home too. After each use wipe the jewelry with a soft cloth to remove any make-up or skin oil that it may have acquired. Make sure that the cloth used is pure cotton as coarser fabrics tend to graze the surface of the aquamarines. Also avoid using finger-nails while wiping.

    In addition to the above, follow this simple cleaning procedure regularly. Soak aquamarine jewelry in Luke-warm water. Add some mild liquid soap and leave for some time. Gently pick up piece by piece and clean it with a soft brush till all traces of grime disappear. Finally, wash off with plain water. Take care not to use a metallic brush as it may scratch the gem. Do the cleaning on a table or flat surface and not in the sink. A slight slip and it may roll into the drain and be lost forever.

    Toothpaste, alcohol, acetone and ammonia are often advised as cleaning agents for gems. These tips are best ignored. These products may damage the surface of aquamarines to an extent where professional help would be required to return the gem’s original look.

    Avoid using the ultrasonic cleaner for aquamarine jewelry. These machines clean jewelry by a giving out a series of sound waves which crack the gems irreparably. If the instructions specifically state that the particular piece is safe for ultrasonic cleaning, only then go ahead and do it.

    STORING

    Gemstones are most vulnerable when they are worn. However, incorrect storage methods may also hamper them.

    What is the correct storage technique, you may ask. Well, the same thumb-rule applies to all jewelry including those set with aquamarines. Each piece should be carefully wrapped in a soft fabric. Alternatively, it may be kept in a box with individual compartments. Harder stones can scratch the surface of aquamarines. On the other hand, aquamarines may cause marks on other stones.

    Store your jewelry box in a safe place. Keep aquamarines away from sunlight. Avoid exposure to extreme temperatures.

    REPAIRING

    Aquamarines are very sensitive to sudden temperature changes. Any sort of repair, especially soldering should be done away from the gems.

    What can be done if a piece of jewelry set with aquamarines needs to be mended? The stones may be coated with a substance called borax or any other heat-shielding matter to avoid damage while soldering. Immense care must be taken while doing this. If the aquamarines are too valuable, then it is advisable to unset them before applying heat to the piece of jewelry. Unsetting is itself a dicey affair so treat these gems with greater care than diamonds or rubies.

    Aquamarines should ideally be set in 18 carat gold or platinum. Nine or even 14 carat gold should be avoided.

    Acquisition of good quality aquamarines is an art and the inexperienced should consult a trusted jeweler before making the final purchase. Such valuable gems should be preserved for posterity. Proper and timely care will guarantee a long life.

    So go ahead and flaunt your sea stones but remember to handle them with care and stock them safely!

    Aquamarine-a gemstone with good qualities

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    Aquamarine-a gemstone with good qualities

    by Preeti Sharma

    The iron impurities are located in the beryl crystal structure. The color of Aquamarine is mainly because of hint amounts of iron impurities in beryl structure. The different colors of Aquamarine depend on the concentration of iron in the stone.

    Any thing and everything of this world have an end, but the beauty, luster and qualities of Aquamarine seem to be endless. Not only they are incessant, they are paramount too. Aquamarine is a multi faceted and multi quality gemstone. Aquamarine may be hard to describe, but the real fun lies in owning it and savoring its great beauty and qualities.

    Aquamarine – A quality stone

    Aquamarine Be3Al3 (SiO3) 6 is a gemstone of transparent variety of beryl. It has a soft blue or blue green color. It is suggestive of the tint of sea water, as blue as the Caribbean. It is related closely to gem emerald. Beryl is a mineral made of beryllium aluminum silicate, a marketable source of beryllium. Aquamarine is the most familiar variety of gem beryl. it appears in pegmatite, an igneous rock. There, it becomes really large and clear crystals than the emerald. Aquamarine has a hexagonal crystal structure and chemical formula of Be3Al2Si6O18, a beryllium Aluminium silicate mineral.
    Aquamarine Stone
    Aquamarine gemstone has long been of great interest because it has many varieties that are valued in a gemstone. Though Aquamarine belongs to the same family as the emerald, but emeralds are much brittle in comparison. Along with bloodstone, Aquamarine is a birthstone of Pisces birth sign (Fish) (Feb. 19 – March 20).

    Aquamarine Etymology

    Aquamarine has had its name in an interesting way. its name comes from Latin language, aqua marina, meaning, “water of the sea”. It is called as heliodor; rose pink beryl, Morganite, white beryl and goshenite.

    Historical Qualities and lore

    Since the ancient time, Aquamarine is credited with a stone that offers courage, treatment for laziness and reviving the intellect. It was called the treasure of mermaids having a great power to keep sailors at sea safe. It is said to have a peculiarly strong charm when it is kept immersed in water the power that sailors need the most.

    The ancient people used to believe that Aquamarine is said to have a great pacifying influence on land, on the married couples particularly. Such was its power that helped husbands and wives to work out their differences. It ensures that the couple has a long and happy marriage. Thus, it is a best anniversary gift for the love birds!

    Aquamarine allegedly protects the wearer against the wiles of devil. A dream of aquamarine had the significance that you will meet new friends. People believed Aquamarine can reawaken love not only in long married couples but also in the new friends.

    Others reportedly say that Aquamarine is the right stone for meditation. In middle ages, Aquamarine was believed to impart the wearer with great insight, foresight and freedom from insomnia. From any years, it was credited with great reputation of offering its wearers with happiness and eternal youth.

    Aquamarine Color

    The colors of Aquamarine are great and charming. You can find them in a wide range of blue shades. They range from the palest pastel to greenish blue to deep blue. The deep blue gems are, in fact, rare. Aquamarine is pastel gemstone whose color can be greatly intense in large gemstones. A small Aquamarine stone can often be less vivid. The choice of color depends more on your taste and preference. Mostly natural Aquamarine is cool greenish blue.

    The iron impurities are located in the beryl crystal structure. The color of Aquamarine is mainly because of hint amounts of iron impurities in beryl structure. The different colors of Aquamarine depend on the concentration of iron in the stone.

    The jewelry industry has devised many advanced methods to improvise the color of Aquamarine gemstone. The modern methods get Aquamarine heat treated to drive the color out of the stone. It then leaves a much pleasing dark blue color. The process can be reversed through irradiation. The yellow and green colors can be thus restored. Generally, it calls for a stone of a definite size to have a dark shade.

    The treatment methods of Aquamarine stones are mostly a permanent treatment. Though a dark and pure blue aquamarine stone has become desirable these days, but if you prefer a little natural green gems, you can find that they are not heat treated and mostly less expensive. The Aquamarine having dark blue color is often the most valuable, but the color generally ranges from light turquoise blue to bluish green. The Aquamarine stone with green color is less valuable and thus cheaper than other stones.

    Remedial qualities

    Aquamarine is best against all sorts of nerve pain, gland diseases, toothache and troubles in the jaw, neck and throat. It gives strength to liver and kidneys. Aquamarine reduces problems of eyes, ears and stomach. It also relieves cough. Aquamarine defends the wearer from perils of the sea, as well as seasickness. It can help to ease depression and pain.

    Aquamarine Sizes and price

    Aquamarine is found in many sizes and qualities. Gems are cut that weigh about many hundred carats. They are too large to be worn by anyone. Thus, the price of aquamarine gemstone doesn’t differ in sizes more than a carat. Aquamarine is generally worth the same price for each carat as a one carat gem of good quality. Its price depends on its clarity and the profoundness of color.

    Shopping Tips-How to find Aquamarine with good qualities

    Aquamarine is a remarkable and affordable gemstone of great quality. aquamarine is a transparent and hard gemstone that makes it a great choice for beautiful jewelry such as rings, earrings or pendants. With its delicate color and perfect clarity, Aquamarine is best exhibited in a better prominent mold.

    For many years, aquamarine is the favorite gemstone of many consumers. When you go out in the market to choose high quality aquamarine for yourself, it may become a bit difficult for you. you may get very confused as to how to decide about the qualities of Aquamarine. Here are some worthy tips-

    1. Buy Aquamarine only with a reputable and reliable jeweler. The jeweler must be well familiar with aquamarine in particular and also gemstones in general. They are the only people who may sell Aquamarine of real good quality.

    2. To make out the best quality of Aquamarine, you must ask if the stone is treated in any way. the common treatments can be heat treatment, irradiation, coating and dyeing. Though not all the treatments may devaluate the stone, you must always ask the seller about the qualities of Aquamarine what you are buying.

    3. Check the color, clarity and cut of the stone. Look at the stone from all different angles. Aquamarine displays a light pastel color. You can check that the light reflects evenly from the surface of gem. There must not be any scratches on the gemstone. Only, after a close look at all the features of the stone you must conclude about the quality of the stone.

    More Aquamarine Resources
    About Aquamarine in wikipedia
    Gemhut Store

    Amethyst Chemical Properties

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    Amethyst Chemical Properties

    by Ritika Changrani

    Amethyst is a macro crystalline variety of Quartz with the chemical formula SiO2 (Silicon Dioxide). Mostly occurring as purple, lilac or mauve in colour, the purest form is colorless. Experts attribute the purple color of amethyst to small amounts of iron (Fe4+) impurities (approximately 40 parts per million) at specific sites in the crystal structure of quartz.

    Once adorned on the Crown Jewels of England, Amethyst is a royal gem – a symbol of sincerity, security, spirituality and peace of mind.

    A purple variety of quartz, amethyst is a semi – precious yet popular gemstone. If it were not for its abundance in nature, amethyst would be very expensive. Its royal colour makes it desirable and can be compared to the most expensive of purple crystals. So if you want a gem that is easy on your pocket and yet glamorous, amethyst is the perfect choice.

    Although it must always be purple to be amethyst, it is available in an expansive array of purple shades. Intensely colored amethyst may have red flashes. It may also have color zones. By looking at its color, transparency, crystal habit, occurrence, hardness, and lack of cleavage, one can determine the authenticity of an amethyst.

    In nature, amethysts appear long and prism-like with a six-sided pyramid at either end or as crystalline crusts with only the pointed terminations (druzes). The amethyst is appreciated for its imperial shades and variety of cuts that lend it a dazzling look.

    A premium amethyst is purple, bluish purple to reddish purple in hue, vivid in intensity and medium dark in tone. Heating the amethyst removes the colour or converts it to yellow Citrine, depending on the site and original oxidation state of the iron impurities present and the intensity and duration of heating. The iron impurities need to be re-oxidized to return the original colour. The process is called irradiation. Irradiation may be done by two means: natural and synthetic. As a rule the process is reversible, but there are exceptions. Application of extreme or disproportionate heat may alter the existing pattern of iron impurities. In that case the amethyst is lost and cannot be retrieved by any chemical process. However, it is not possible to state whether an amethyst has undergone irradiation or not. Therefore, buying from your trusted Jeweler or getting it checked with a gemstone laboratory first, is the safest way to go.

    Amethyst in its purest form is colorless and transparent. Experts are of the opinion that the rich purple colour of the amethyst is to its high content of Iron Oxide (Fe2O3) impurities. It contains more iron than any other form of quartz. Quartz makes up about 12% of the earth’s crust, making it the single most abundant mineral on earth. It is present in an extensive range of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Based on the size of crystals, quartz is mainly divided into two categories: macro crystalline quartz, in which the individual crystals are easily distinguishable and cryptocrystalline quartz, in which the crystals can be distinguished only under a powerful light microscope. All forms of quartz (including amethyst) are piezoelectric, which have important applications in electronics. This is a rare property, possessed by only one other gemstone called tourmaline.

    Found in abundance, amethyst is a variety of macro crystalline quartz. It has been found in quartz veins and siliceous volcanic as geodes. However, it is not the same everywhere. Amethysts are unique to geographical regions or even mines. Different areas have different types of formations and iron distribution patterns. Experts can often identify the source mine that a particular amethyst came from. The key to this is the color, shape of crystal, inclusions, associations and formation of the amethyst.

    Properties At A Glance:

    MineralQuartz
    Chemical CompositionSiO2 (Silicon Dioxide)
    ClassTectosilicate
    ColourClear, Lilac, Mauve, Purple, Rose
    LusterVitreous
    transparencyTransparent to Translucent
    Crystal SystemHexagonal-R; 32 (Trigonal-Trapezohedral)
    Hardness7
    Specific gravity2.65
    Index of Refraction1.54-1.55
    Birefringence0.009
    CleavageNone
    PleochroismDistinct
    FractureConchoidal

    The characteristic hardness of amethyst makes it an ideal choice for almost any type of jewelry setting. Normal plating and pickling solutions do not alter its nature. While it poses no significant problems, care must be taken while soldering, as amethyst is sensitive to sudden temperature changes. A persistent or sudden application of heat could cause a crack or colour alteration in the gem.

    The amethyst is sufficiently durable and can be worn confidently without worry. It does not break easily due to absence of cleavage planes. However, sharp blows must be avoided. Clean your amethyst with warm water, soap and a soft bristle brush. Extended exposure to sun must be avoided or else the gem will become pale.

    Amethyst is the trendiest purple gemstone. Its distinctive colour complements almost any complexion and wardrobe. Designers advocate amethyst as the chic choice for jewelry because of its regal hue, affordability, and variety in sizes, shapes and tones.

    Since no two amethyst crystals are alike in colour or composition, its uniqueness makes it a covetable gem. So go ahead and get yours!