Monthly Archives: March 2016

    Important Agate Mines In The World

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    Important Agate Mines In The World

    by RITIKA CHANGRANI

    Agate is a hard semi-precious mineral commonly used as an ornament and a gemstone and this is found almost all over the world including places like USA, India, Asia, Brazil, Africa, Germany, Italy, Mexico and Nepal.

    agateNature has given the Agate gemstone the most creative of stripes and colors. It is the chalcedony quartz in concentric layers that give it its variety and a range of colors.

    Agates get formed when a cavity or a niche in the host rock is filled. Due to this, it is found as a round nodule with rings or concentric bands. These bands sometimes look like scallops or eyes or even form a picture of trees in a landscape. Blue and green are rare colors in agate but for most part, you will find it in a variety of colors.

    Sometimes there are tiny quartz crystals that form inside the stone which greatly enhances the magnificence and distinctiveness of individual stones. Known as drusy, these tiny crystals are used by Lapidaries where just the drusy is cut from an agate. The jewelers then use these drusy cabochons as the accent or main stone in their design. Some varieties of agate of this type are moss agate, plume agate and eye agate.

    Mining Of Agate

    Agate mines are found almost everywhere in the world. But some of the more important mines are found in USA, Russia, Europe and Canada. Let’s start with the mines of South Dakota USA. Agate is part of the gemstone and mineral industry which has grown from strength to strength in recent times. Agate is one of the most well known of all stones in this area. The official stone of South Dakota is the really beautiful Fairbanks agate found in the Black Hills. This stone is characterized by sharp bands that run perfectly parallel to each other. The next place in the USA for agate is Arizona. Here too gemstone production is well developed and while it is peridot and turquoise that lead the way, agate, jasper and some others are of equal importance. Agate deposits are found scattered across Idaho also.

    AgateIn Mexico, agates are found primarily in the states of San Luis Potosi and Aguascalientes. They are known for their fire agate and the multicolored fire agates are found in Calville in Aguascalientes. Another very beautiful agate is called the Apache Agate which is characterized by its floating red colors that can be seen in the clear agate. Southeast of the area of Apache agate are the cousins called the Laguna and Coyamito are part of the banded agate groups but the Apache Agate still stands apart from them. Here the bands are not as sharp as other agates found in Mexico.

    The two main deposits of agate can be found on the Mexican ranch of Agua Nueva which is located about 20 miles northeast of the Laguna agate deposits in Chihuahua in Northern Mexico. It is situated in front of the far mountain around the corner to the left and through the ravine. One specializes in the vein agate and the other is a nodular agate. The vein agate which is known for its tube formation was mined in 1997 and 1998.

    In a remote corner of Chihuahua Mexico one finds the Apache Agate deposits nestled on a ranch about 35 miles southeast of Nuevo Casas Grandes. Winding dirt roads going north through the tiny towns of Malpais and EL Apache, the agate deposits can be seen on a narrow ridge between an arroyo that drains the mountains to the wets and a bigger drain that comes in form the northwest. Till the early 1070s the ridge point was mined by hand and then came the dozer in 1970.

    Central European Russia boasts of mines which are along the left bank of the Oka River near Stupino, about 100 km south of Moscow. These are the Prioksky quarry or Golutvin. Here agates in limestone and agates are found.

    Germany mined agate in the Nahe River valley which was documented as early as 1497. This brought about the rise of the cutting centre called Idar-Oberstein. Brazil has rich deposits of agate and this was discovered when in the 19th century, the Idar-Oberstein’s cutters exhausted the agate deposits at Nahe and they went on to mine the deposits in Brazil. It lead to a major explore and discover program which brought to light rich deposits of agate, tourmaline, amethyst, citrine, topaz and other gemstones.

    In Canada, the Thunder Bay is one of the three places where Agate is found in veins and it is the only agate mine in Canada. But in California, not far form the Palo Verde, tucked away, deep in the Mule Mountains lies the Opal Hill Mine. This mine is famous for its very rare and magnificent fire agate, quartz crystals and opal eggs.

    The mine is made up of rock outcrops and holes where the agate has been mined which is quite unlike the mental picture one has of a mine being deep with tunnels and shafts. This mine is privately owned but for a small fee, the public can have a look around. Some effort and some hard work ensured that you come away satisfied with the fiery agate you get to take back with you. Opal hill mine is one of the active mines in the world which is producing the fire agate.

    Hematite Facts

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    Hematite Facts

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    Hematite Facts

    Chemical CompositionIt is iron oxide and the chemical formula is Fe2O3.
    ColoursSteel or silver gray, black, orange, red and brown. Some common shades are blackish gray, brownish red, reddish gray, blackish red.
    StreakBlood red to brownish red.
    Refractive Index2.87 – 3.15
    Specific Gravity4.95 – 5.26
    LusterMetallic or earthy luster.
    Solid StateOpaque.
    Crystal SystemTrigonal crystal system.
    HardnessVaries between 5.5 – 6.5
    CleavageNone
    FracturesUneven.
    TenacityBrittle
    LuminescenceNone
    Birefringence0.28
    EnhancementNo enhancement performed.
    SourceUnited Kingdom, United States, Brazil, Italy, Canada, Newfoundland Germany, Norway, Sweden, Spain, New Zealand, Mexico and Australia.
    PrecautionsOnly general gemstone precautions are required.

    Hematite Facts and Buying Guide

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    Hematite Facts and Buying Guide

    by Sheweta Dhanuka

    Hematite plays an indirectly a vital role in our day-to-day life as it is used as an important ore of iron. Iron is procured from Hematite and steel is procured from iron. Its powder form consist of dark red colour, thus it acts as pigment for the making paints. Also the powdered form is mixed in animal fat and used as red or brown paint for artwork and pottery.

    Hematite, the name is derived from a Greek word ‘haimatites’ meaning bloodlike. Its powder form is blood red in colour so it is named accordingly. Since many years it is been used as amulets. Even today it is treasured a lot by the gemstone collectors. In order to assist the buyer in making the genuine purchase of this gemstone, we offer here facts about it. These facts would provide the necessary information in terms of all the general characteristics that shall also act as a buying guide.

    Colour

    It occurs in varied colours such as steel or silver gray, black, orange, red and brown. Some common shades are blackish gray, brownish red, reddish gray, blackish red. It appears red, orange and brown in colour when iron present in the compositions starts getting rusted. It gets rusted when it comes in contact with water and air. This gemstone has one unique property. When heated it might turn black and after getting cooled it reverts back to its previous colour.

    Clarity

    It contains metallic to earthy luster. It is opaque in nature. It possesses uneven fractures in rough but after the necessary gemstone processing the fractures are removed. Moreover, being opaque in nature no fractures are visible by the naked eyes. The originality of the stone can be judged from the luster alone.

    Cut

    This shiny gemstone is hand grounded and polished before cutting. Later the cutters create innovative shapes and cuts. The commonly seen cuts are pear, oval, round, cabochon etc. For this stone, it is even possible to give the cut as desired by the customer that is it can be custom made too.

    Carat Weight

    Large and massive crystals are found, which are cut and polished to make gemstone. Stone sizes in different carat weight are easily available. Different jewelry pieces require stones with different carat weight. For example, pendants can hold stone of any carat weight. When compared to the availability of other semi precious gemstones, Hematite is easily available therefore higher carat weight can be selected. Moreover, large stones with good luster enhance the look of the jewelry and make the wearer more attractive. For earrings and rings the ideal weight is between 2-6 ctw.

    Price

    For this stone the price is largely dependent on the carat weight, cut and luster. Higher the carat weight more shall be the price. Common cuts would be priced moderately but any new or custom made cut would be priced a little more. Last but not the least luster. Metallic luster would cost more than the earthy or dull luster. When used as ornamental stone for carvings, then carving done a single solid piece of natural stone would cost more than those done using different pieces.

    Occurrence

    It is found in those deposits where sediments are deposited from rivers and streams. Many types of igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks are the source of this mineral. It can be any form like column shaped crystal, granular or thin plates. It can also come into existence when other minerals like magnetite, limonite and siderite looses water due to heat. This process is known as weathering.

    Varieties

    Hematite is procured in varied forms. To know this gemstone well, one has to be aware of its varieties too. All forms are used as gemstone and ornamental stone. These are classified on the basis of its occurrence.

    Hematite Rose

    It is found in a circular arrangement of bladed crystals that resembles rose. Thus, it is named Hematite Rose. It is also referred as Iron rose.

    Tiger Iron

    It is formed once in many years in the sedimentary deposits that contains alternating layers of silver gray hematite and red jasper or even tiger eye quartz.

    Kidney Ore

    This variety is very rare and one of the most sought by the gemstone collectors. It occurs in the massive botryoidal, reniform and mammilary form that appears like lumpy kidney mass.

    Oolitic Hematite

    This variety is reddish brown in colour. It is formed in sedimentary deposits and is composed of small rounded grains. It consists of an earthy luster. It is used for making paints thus also know as Paint Ore.

    Specular Hematite

    Specularite is the additional name for this variety. It is a flaky stone that can be sparkling silver gray, red or silvery black in colour. When rotated it produce a glistening effect. It is used as an ornamental stone. Also used as intaglios in men’s signet rings. The best quality is obtained from United Kingdom.

    Rainbow Hematite

    It is iridescent variety displaying a play of colours. The superior quality is found at Rio Marina and on the island of Elba, Italy.

    Red Ochre

    It is found in soft, fine grained earthy form. Due to its red colour it is used as pigment in paints and crayons. Its purified form is used for polishing the plate glass.

    Titano-hematite

    This variety is rich in titanium impurity thus named accordingly.

    Source

    It is obtained in huge quantity from Untied Kingdom and the Lake Superior & Appalachian Mountain region in United States. Few states of United States also produce this mineral viz. Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, New York, Pennsylvania, Alabama, New Jersey, Missouri, Colorado and Wyoming. Massive crystals are found on the island of Elba in Italy and in Minas Gerais, Matto Grosso and Antonio Pereira in Brazil. Other countries are Canada, Newfoundland Germany, Norway, Sweden, Spain, New Zealand, Mexico and Australia.

    Use

    It is often fashioned into carvings, cameos, intaglios and beads. Large stones are used as ornamental stones for carving magnificent figures and sculptors. Beads are made and hardened from the paste of this mineral. It can be oval, round, baroque, chip form or any other shape. The size could vary between 2mm to 10mm. These are widely used in costume jewelry. Bracelets and necklaces of beads are also popular among the females in different countries.

    Well formed crystals of this mineral are cut and polished which are used for making captivating jewelry pieces and ornaments. Handcrafted earrings, pendants and rings made from this gemstone are quite popular among the younger generation. It is more used for jewelry worn for casual wear. It is mostly made of sterling silver. Yellow gold is not at all suitable for this metallic lustrous gemstone. White gold can be used but it is more expensive than the worth of the stone thus, is not preferred.

    Apart from the jewelry making, it is used in many different ways. It plays an indirectly a vital role in our day-to-day life as it is used as an important ore of iron. Iron is procured from Hematite and steel is procured from iron. Its powder form consist of dark red colour, thus it acts as pigment for the making paints. Also the powdered form is mixed in animal fat and used as red or brown paint for artwork and pottery. It is highly magnetized due to the presence of iron in it thus, is used as form making various digital equipments.

    Precautions

    It is rated between 5.5 – 6.5 Mohs on the hardness scale. It is a tough and durable stone. It does not require any specific care. Only general gemstone precautions should be taken for the lifetime retention of the stone. It hardness can be used to identify the originality of the stone. Due to high hardness it can easily scratch the glass but in turn any quartz scratches it.

    Beliefs

    It is said to enhance the mental activities by creating a balance of the energies and emotions between body, mind and soul. It also helps in achieving the dreams, hopes, desires and wishes. It even aids incurring diseases like blood disorders, nervous disorders, insomnia, kidney disorders, leg cramps and fractures. These days astrologers recommend this gemstone for the IT professionals as it helps in developing original thinking, logical processing of brain and technical knowledge.

    Hematite offers us with materialistic comforts, as it is indirectly responsible for the procurement of steel. Similarly it also provides mental comfort, as it eliminates negativity from our entire system and provides peace of mind. Thus, it can be said that this metallic lustrous beauty is key to happy life in all the aspects.

    Lapis Lazuli Facts

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    Lapis Lazuli Facts

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    Lapis Lazuli Facts

     

    Chemical CompositionIt is a rock composed of  Lazurite (Na,CA)8(AlSiO4)6(SO4,S,Cl)2 , Hauynite (Na,CA)4-8(AlSiO4)6(SO4)1-2 , Sodalite Na8(AlSiO4)6Cl2 , Noselite Na8(AlSiO4)6SO4 , Calcite CaCO3 and Pyrite FeS2.
    ColoursIntense deep blue with pyrite inclusions. Sometimes white coloured calcite lines also present. Other possible colour shades – purplish blue, greenish blue.
    HardnessVaries between 5-6 ( Mohs) .
    Refractive IndexApproximately 1.50
    Specific GravityIt varies between 2.7 to 2.9 and increases with the increase of pyrite content.
    LusterGreasy.
    Solid StateOpaque
    Crystal SystemNone as it is a rock.
    PleochroismNone
    PhenomenaNone
    FracturesUneven
    EnhancementFrequently enhanced to improve the colour and durability by dying and impregnated.
    SourceAfghanistan, Chile, Siberia, United States, Burma, Canada, Russia, Italy, Mongolia and Pakistan.
    PrecautionsProtect from sunlight, large temperature changes, cosmetics, harsh household cleaning products.

    Lapis Lazuli buying guide

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    Lapis Lazuli buying guide

    by Sheweta Dhanuka

    In case you are planning to buy this opaque beauty then do go through this article thoroughly as it provides buying tips and facts about the gemstone. Most of us are aware that the quality gemstone whether precious or semi precious is judged on the basis on four important Cs viz. colour, cut, clarity and carat weight. And of course other characteristics are crucial too like origin, enhancements, precautions etc. So one after the other we would discuss all these characteristics with respect to this amazing gemstone.

    Lapis Lazuli is the only gemstone having two words in its name. “Lapis” is derived from the Latin word meaning stone and “Lazuli” is derived from an Arabian word “azul” meaning blue. However, few people say “Lazuli’ is derived from Persian “lazhward”, that also means blue. In every language, a well-defined name for the gemstone that is blue in color.  It is an exceptional stone found thousands of years ago, to be more precise more than 7000 thousands years. It is December birthstone and anniversary gemstone for the 7th and 9th year of marriage.

    In case you are planning to buy this opaque beauty then do go through this article thoroughly as it provides buying tips and facts about the gemstone. Most of us are aware that the quality gemstone whether precious or semi precious is judged on the basis on four important Cs viz. color, cut, clarity and carat weight. And of course other characteristics are crucial too like origin, enhancements, precautions etc. So one after the other we would discuss all these characteristics with respect to this amazing gemstone. First lets start with color.

    Color

    Lapis Lazuli consist of deep blue color with golden shining pyrite inclusions. The pyrite inclusions should be too small. A genuine and valuable stone would not have any white calcite veins or streaks present on its surface. Blue color is formed due to the presence of the sulfuric contents of Lasurite while pyrite inclusions are the result of iron content in the composition. Sometimes, few countries produce purplish-blue, greenish blue colors as well. The reason for these different color shades is that every country would have different composition of the minerals present in the mixture of the rock yielding the gemstone although the elements are all same.

    Cut

    This gemstone when cut produces foul smell. The smell determines the originality of the gem. It is cut in all the possible shapes like other gemstones for example oval, heart, round, pear etc. Cabochons are mostly in high demand. Polished flat slabs and beads are also popular.

    Clarity

    Next important characteristic is clarity. This gemstone has no fractures in it and is opaque in nature. True stones do not possess any cracks and have greasy luster

    Carat Weight

    It occurs in large sizes as rough. After the essential gemstone processing the carat weight decreases. High quality gemstone more than 15 carat weight is quite rare and fetches very high price. Carat weight between 6-15 with similar quality is equally rare, difficult to find and would be very expensive. However, most commonly available carat weight is 5-6 that can be afforded by the common man.

    Price

    This gemstone is widely available at different prices, from expensive to affordable range. Most expensive stone would be from Afghan mines consisting of intense evenly spread blue color with very little pyrite inclusions and no calcite white colored lines. Pyrite inclusions present in large sizes or patches lower the value of the gem. In the same way white colored calcite lines if visible to the naked eye produces unattractive discoloration on the edges of the gem and decreases the cost and the gemstone would fall in the affordable range.

    Similarly, any sort of cracks or fractures present in the gemstone would decrease the price. More the amount of fractures appearing on the surface lesser shall be the price. Shades like purplish blue and greenish blue are valued less in terms of money. While making the purchase of the gemstone or its jewelry, buyer should always ask about the enhancement of the gems. Gems are enhanced when it is of inferior quality hence, it would decrease the price.

    Source

    First mine to produce this blue colored beauty is in Afghanistan. The mine had huge deposits and offered superior quality gemstone for many years. It still continues to give the high quality gems. A little less superior quality gemstones are procured from the mines at Chile, Siberia, United States, Burma and Canada. Other countries like Russia, Italy, Mongolia and Pakistan also produce this gemstone but in less quantity.

    Enhancement

    Inferior quality of Lapis Lazuli produced by few countries are enhanced with the use of modern technology. It is mostly dyed or stained in order to improve the intensity and the uniformity of color. In this process the white colored calcite lines are stained and given blue color. However, the new intense color obtained is not stable for a longer duration and might fade with the passage of time. Other enhancement methods used are waxing and resin impregnations. These are performed to enhance durability and color of the stone.

    Imitations

    Buyers need to careful from buying the imitations at the price of genuine stone. Glass and plastics in different forms colored in blue are sold as original stones. Synthetic stones are also available in the market. Buying these synthetic stones is no harm but buyer should be aware of the fact that these are very cheap. Semi precious gemstone known as jasper is often dyed blue in color and pasted with copper and sold as Lapis. These imitations can be judged easily, as it does not contain any flecks of pyrites. And if it is present then it would be patches making the gemstone very unattractive. In order to avoid all the future surprises with respect to the quality of the gemstone, purchases should be made from the reputable and recognized sellers/dealers.

    Precautions

    It requires precautions and care as it rates between 5-6 Mohs on the hardness scale. Too much exposure to direct sunlight and large temperature changes must be avoided. Also it must be protected from chemicals and acid substances present in cosmetics and household cleaning agents else it would spoil the gemstone. As this gem is a rock that is porous in nature, all the jewelry items should be cleaned with mild soapy water and must be fully wiped off fully with a soft cloth. Little amount of moisture left behind, might harm the durability of the gem mounted in the ornaments.

    Uses

    It is treasured for years for the jewelry items. Necklace, rings and carved pendent made of this unique blue beauty had gained a lot of popularity among the gemstone lovers. The jewelry items can be made up 14 K or 18 K yellow gold and sterling silver. It is also paired with other gemstones.

    Apart from the jewelry, in olden days it was also used for making oil paintings. First it was pulverized later added to a mixture of binding agents and oil to create exotic blue colored pigment called as ultramarine.  Therefore, old paintings using this gem as pigment never fade and look vibrant after so many years too. Today also few painters use it in their paintings. At present along with jewelry it is used for renovations and restorations especially when the historic appearance is desired. It is also used as lapidary material for making hand crafted carvings and decorative items.

    Beliefs

    In ancient times, it was believed to impart knowledge and wisdom. It was said to cure physical disorders pertaining to heart, lungs, throat, eyes and ears. It also solved the problems of insomnia, depression, recurring fevers and anxiety. It was thought to keep soul free from all sort of fear and jealous there by bringing peace and self-acceptance.

    Today, across the globe people wear this stone as the symbol of truth and friendship. It is believed that the wearer of this gemstone in any form attains harmony in his/her relationships. Lapis Lazuli has two words in its name and so two important significance. One it makes the wearer beautiful and second it offers true relationships. It is certainly an exquisite gemstone that makes the wearer attractive from outside as well as from inside!!!

    Citrine a healer gemstone buying guide

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    Citrine a healer gemstone buying guide

    by Ashwani Arora

    Citrine is one of the most popular gemstones in category of affordable gems for even poor. It is available in lemon yellow, deep yellow, light yellow, brownish yellow and whisky color.The Priets, therapists say that if we wear appropriate gem at right time and according to right way then gem will definitely help us in daily activities and remove difficulties.

    Citrine – a Healer Gemstone

    CitrineGems and Gemstones have great value as per Indian Mythology and Ayurveda. Ayurveda is a Therapy book for Life. Most of the communities in Rural India, Urban India go to Ayurveda Doctors for treatment and they use the gemstone powders finely meshed with other natural herbal ingredients for treatment of chronic diseases like Cardiac problems, Breathing troubles, Arthritis etc. They use each gemstone powder for different problems. There is another segment, Gemologists, Therapists those who suggest various gemstones for treatment of disease or for well being of seekers. Even Accu Pressure experts, who practice this technique as a therapy, refer to the utility and benefits of wearing specific color, quality gemstones. Rings used in hands fingers, feet fingers suggest therapeutic acupressure for the nerves, which bring relief and fortify efficiency of certain organs. During a talk at a Radio Station, which was sponsored by a University, One of the speakers from the background of acupressure techniques did highlight importance of jewels, rings, necklaces, and pendants suggesting therapeutic value of acupressure happening by use of these jewels. Another speaker having knowledge of gemstones did explain planetary effect of stones for different birth sign people. The Citrine is said to be ruled by Jupiter, and is yellow color family. Therapists use this for obtaining blessings of Jupiter.

    An all purpose and affordable

    Citrine is one of the most popular gemstones in category of affordable gems for even poor. It is available in lemon yellow, deep yellow, light yellow, brownish yellow and whisky color.The Priets, therapists say that if we wear appropriate gem at right time and according to right way then gem will definitely help us in daily activities and remove difficulties People use this as an all-purpose gemstone, which helps in healing, heart, kidney, and digestion tracks muscles. It clears the cloud of disturbing aura and its use in all forms is considered auspicious. Somewhere Pundits (called Priests at The Hindu Temples-places of worship) recommend this stone in golden rings .For poor they suggest necklace of beads, when they cannot afford gold for ring. For mental peace or for hot tempered and with high blood pressure-these lemon colored gemstones are considered to be bringing calming effect. Somewhere Priests use the stone for pasting sandal paste on forehead. They even suggest for earrings containing these beads touching skin. Round shaped is the most recommended by these priests, since it denotes shape of Sun and Moon.

    Citrine a gemstone of fashion but make a skillful buy

    However in fashion world other shapes as per individual’s choice are available and offered. Citrine is available in natural as well as synthetic. Few deal genuine natural and evaluation is difficult by any layman. So the need is to buy from an authentic source. While buying, some vital points need to be kept in view, like the gemstone should be clear, transparent. There should not be any crack, spots or blemishes on the stone. White, black or red spots in the stone, or web kind marks are considered to be defective and should be avoided. Some therapists have ascribed value judgments to such gemstones, saying that, these cause disturbances, create enemies, restlessness etc. Most of the gemologists and therapists say that blemished gemstones are the reason for additional troubles. A stone with cracks is considered simply unauspicious. Lustre and transparency should be kept in view consciously while buying Citrine or for that matter any gemstone. Citrine keeps evil forces, enemies away and maintains harmony in the family. There is a fear that Milky stone invites injuries to the body. Red spots in the gemstone are not considered in harmony with building of wealth. Similarly in villages, priests are very particular about white and black dots, if seen in the gemstone, they fear loss of cattle wealth.

    Lucky for all

    CitrineCitrine is considered to be lucky for all though lucky most for ones who are governed by Jupiter. It is believed that those who are in the field of knowledge sharing, should use light yellow citrine, in employment with governments, defence organisations, armies, soldiers should use lemon yellow, the ones in trading-should use dark yellow citrine. Those in professions of services say hospitality and kinds of services should use dark yellow. When you buy, after deciding the color, you have to decide the weight of Citrine and with which metal you will like to wear the gem. It is the most recommended with gold, although people are also recommending silver, brass, and and even without metallic frame around. The same way, identification of natural and synthesized is possible only where proper equipment for testing is available. And it is rarely, and only confined to urban dealers, that too in Metro cities These beads, variety of sizes and shapes are available from hand made and machine make. The machine made though are fine, are less in variety. The handmade demand is on the increase. The fine cutting maintaining beauty of the stone, angle, edges, lightening efffect, brilliance makes the gemstone valuable. The price varies due to color, artificial color, natural color, natural stone and synthetic stone. The impact remains to be an area of study and research. Some therapists use Citrine for general good health for the wearer, longlife, happy life, wisdom, wealth, name, fame and honors. Citrine is used right from childhood, put in the thread necklace, or armlace, or used in the forehead for the baby girls, protecting children from evil spirits. It is believed that for any obstruction, like lack of concentration in studies, or work, maintaining smooth relationships, finding a suitable match for marriage, wonderful reports by wearing a yellow Citrine are experienced. Naturally Citrine being symbol of light heartedness, feeling of pleasure, cleaning of inner and outer temperament, is in tremendous demand. May it be synthetic or natural, the impact remains. And that is the reason, is suggested by all and everybody.

    Respect the Gem as you do to you

    Practically all Gemologists advise that Gemstones should be treated respectfully, right from when you buy them and till you possess the ones. Ensure that there are no marks, haze, and bubbles. break or cuts- since these can bring bad effects. So when you buy them, before wearing them a clear water wash or any sacred water is essential, use of water with milk and honey is also suggested. Before wearing they suggest bow your head to the Lord, God and seeking His blessings, you chant a thoughtful, positive wish and see a benevolent God in the gemstone. Seeking full effect of the planets governing the gem and the correspondent planet of the personality Maintain Citrine and the jewel clean as you do to you, and see the magnificent feelings and experience the difference.

    Citrine Facts

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    Citrine Facts

    by Sheweta Dhanuka

    It restrains almost same powers and benefits as that of pricey Topaz therefore it is used as the substitute of Topaz who find it difficult to afford. This gemstone might be an affordable stone but its occurrence is quite rare.

    Citrine Facts and Buying Guide

    Citrine is named after the French name for ‘Lemon’ that is “citron”. It is named so as the colour of this semi precious gemstone is similar to the colour of the lemon. It is the November birthstone and anniversary stone for 13th year of marriage. It is the member of the quartz family.
    It restrains almost same powers and benefits as that of pricey Topaz therefore it is used as the substitute of Topaz who find it difficult to afford. This gemstone might be an affordable stone but its occurrence is quite rare. This is the reason why natural stones available in the market would be less than the synthetic stones created by man. Thus, before making the purchase of this fine-looking gemstone buyer must be aware of various features and properties of the stone. These facts can also act as buying guide and aid in the purchase of right stone at the right price. In order to stay away from all future distress, this content proffers all-purpose information exclusively for the buyers starting from the four important Cs to occurrence, source, use, precautions and beliefs.
    Colour – This rare gemstone occurs in all shades of yellow and orange. The natural stone would mostly consist of the pale colour. Dark shades are preferred more over the lighter ones. It owes its colour to iron impurities present in the composition. With the change in the amount of iron the colour of stone also changes. In few stones traces of brown can also be seen.

    Clarity – This sizzling gemstone is transparent to translucent in nature having vitreous luster. Inclusions and flaws crop up quite less. Few stones consist of almost negligible fractures and are clear stones. Besides, the inclusions if present any are removed during the cutting of rough.

    Cut – It could be attuned easily into varied cuts and shapes being sturdy and tough stone. Cutters enjoy cutting this stone, as it does not require much energy with respect to time and dexterity. Few common cuts are pear, oval, round, square, emerald and many more. Nevertheless, people have a preference towards round and oval shapes the most because the magnificence of the gem doubles in these specific cuts.

    Carat weight – It is found in large pieces as rough. The stones with high carat weight looks amazing as the colour becomes dark and bright. The ideal weight for jewelry items is between 2-5 ctw. For the multi-coloured jewelry pieces the stones used are small in size, may be less than one carat in weight but weight of all stones together can be beyond three carats as well. For the single stone jewelry the carat weight should be more 3 ctw then the look of the ornaments comes out to be absolutely fantastic.

    Price – This is a rare gemstone yet it is very much attainable for the person having reasonable budget. Price is fixed up on the basis of four Cs i.e. colour, cut, clarity and carat weight. Price increases with the increase in depth of the colour, new cuts, minimum or insignificant inclusions and high carat weight. Pure yellow or orange colour without the traces of any other colour is valued more while the presence of other colour decreases the cost.

    Occurrence – It is the variety of mineral quartz found in igneous, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. It occurs at the time of volcanic eruption in the siliceous volcanic lava that flows deep inside the cavities and veins of the rocks. During the oxidization state when heat temperature is too high this yellow to orange colored gemstone comes into existence.

    Citrine Video

     

    Source – Brazil is the prime supplier of this lovely gemstone. Other countries producing it are France, Madagascar, Bolivia, Uruguay, Scotland, Spain and Russia. It is also procured from few states of United States of America viz. North Carolina, Colorado, Georgia, Nevada and California.
    Enhancement – This transparent gemstone is often enhanced to improve the colour. Stones that attain colours through man-made treatments have a propensity for deeper shade of orange than those occurred naturally, that are habitually a pale yellow.

    Imitations – As genuine gems are rare in nature, gemstone markets are flooded with imitations of this stone. Poor quality amethyst and smoky quartz are time and again treated under the high temperatures to create bright orange yellow citrine. To distinguish between the natural stones and imitations, the buyers should look for the pale colours. As the original stones are pale while the faulty stones are bright. The imitation created from heating semi-precious gemstone amethyst would contain red traces in it unlike the true stone. Buyers need to be careful from these trendy names like Gold Topaz, Madeira Topaz, Brazilian Topaz, Spanish topaz, Saxon Topaz and Citrine Topaz. The cunning dealers create these fancy names to befool the innocent people.

    Uses – It is frequently used for jewelry making. Rings, earrings, necklace, pendent and other items holding this captivating gemstone gained recognition slowly and gradually in different parts of the world. Handcrafted jewelry using this stone is also admired among the women from all age groups. Metals used for making these ornaments are 14K or 18K yellow gold, 14K or 18K white gold, platinum and sterling silver. The exquisiteness of this gemstone is further improved when set in yellow gold. To fashion magnificent multihued costume jewelry, it is over and over again paired with other semi precious gemstones for instance Peridot, amethyst, pink tourmaline and garnet. These jewelries are apposite for casual as well as formal wear.

    As for ornamental purpose it is used for making cabochons, beads and carvings. Beads vary between 2mm to 10mm in size. Bracelets, necklace and matching earrings are relatively more accepted amongst the younger generation who look for funky dress up rather than sophisticated attire. Spaced out from the jewelry items beads are also used for remarkable decorative purpose such as in chandeliers, lampshades etc. Furthermore it makes breathtaking carvings that offers startling look to the interiors of the home, office, restaurants so on so forth.

    Precautions – It is rated 7 Mohs on the hardness scale. This implies it to be tough and strong stone that do not require much precautions hitherto it cannot be taken for granted. In spite of having good hardness rate it is prone to breaks and cracks. It should be cosseted from sharp blows and hits as it easily gets scratched. The stone has to be kept away from the sunlight or excessive heat temperature else the colour gets faded for the lifetime. Ultrasonic home cleaner can be used for cleaning but for the longer life of the stone and its jewelry it is better to avoid it. Warm soapy water and soft bristle brush is perfect for cleaning. It should be totally wiped off with a soft cloth after the wash and must be stored in the jewelry box lined with soft fabric. These precautions help out in keeping the gemstone secured for the life span.

    Beliefs – It symbolizes optimism, vigor and loyalty. In olden days, our ancestors regarded this transparent yellow beauty as the protector from snake poison, noxious reptiles and plague. It was also used to drive away evil thoughts. Following the birth of Christ, Romans used it for intaglio and cabochon.

    It is associated with wealth and prosperity therefore referred as ‘ Merchant Stone’. Many shopkeepers keep this gem in their business lockers or near the cash registers to realize maximum pecuniary powers of the gem. Apart from wealth it also takes care of health. It helps in eliminating the negative energy and improves the self-esteem and confidence of the person possessing this gem. Astrologers suggest this gemstone for those in creative field like journalism, media and entertainers etc. as it improves the creativity of the wearer. And also for those who are entrepreneurs or planning to be one as it bumps up the wealth and material growth.
    Medically, it powers to rinse out the venom and revive body tissues. It helps in proper functioning of the digestive, circulatory and urinary system.

    It gives a hand in abolishing the soreness or syndromes like acid indigestion, poor blood circulation, food disorders and allergies. Life threatening diseases like appendicitis and gangrene are believed to be cured by regular wearing of this attractive gemstone. It assists in having undisturbed sleep by overcoming the problems related to sleep such as insomnia, sleep disorders, bad dreams and nightmares etc.

    This fascinating gemstone makes the wearer look beautiful and flourish material wealth, opulence and career success. It is also known as ‘Happy Stone’ as makes the life beset with bliss and liveliness. Citrine is a unique gem for everyone in every condition and for every solution. Wear it and cheer up!!!

    Citrine Properties

    Chemical CompositionIt is silicon dioxide and the chemical formula is SiO2.
    ColoursVarious shades of yellow and orange.
    Solid StateTransparent to translucent.
    Hardness7 Mohs.
    LusterVitreous.
    Refractive Index1.544-1.553
    Specific Gravity2.6 – 2.7.
    TenacityBrittle.
    Crystal SystemTrigonal crystal system.
    FracturesConchoidal.
    CleavageIndiscernible.
    Birefringence 0.009
    EnhancementOften enhanced to improve the colour.
    SourceBrazil, USA, Russia, Uruguay, Scotland, Bolivia, France, Spain and Madagascar.
    PrecautionsGeneral gemstone precautions. Has to be protected from sunlight.

    Jade pendant buying guide

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    Jade pendant buying guide

    by Seema Susheel

    The easiest way to go about buying jade pendant is to look in to websites on the net and make a decision and order through card. For first time buyers you need to go for little time taking procedure of surfing many websites offering the same service and then deciding on one that has many design varieties, reasonable price ranges, good customer support and reliable delivery. You need to select the one that suites your budget and comfort level. There are many information sites on the net giving you all the information on the gemstone, its origin and the price categories too.

    The word jade reminds you of princely treasures and exotic locales. The beauty of the gemstone jade has inspired many people to keep names like Jade gardens to their lush properties. Jade gardens would invoke in a person the feeling of peace and comfort and this is exactly what jade the gemstone is supposed to give its wearer; peace and harmony with oneself.

    About the jade gemstone

    The jade typically is imagined to be forever green in color but this particular gemstone is naturally available in many other colors like white, red, yellow, lilac, orange, pink, blue, black and brown. Hence to buy real jade of a good quality is a difficult task and you should meticulously go about making the purchase from a reputed jeweler as anybody can cheat you to believe a moonstone for a white jade. The high quality jade is known as Imperial jade and is rare. There are two types of jade’s nephrite which is mostly found in China and Russia and jadeite which is found in Japan and USA. Both these varieties have a hardness of around 7 to 6 mm. The gemstone jade apart from being made into beautiful jewelry is also carved into many traditional artifacts and is used for spiritual or decoration purposes.

    Jade pendant – beauty with a purpose

    You want to go for a jade pendant because you found it very appealing or you believe in the powers of jade and wish it brings you luck. Whatever maybe the reason to buy a jade pendant, its surly is a beauty you would be proud to behold. You could go for a varied range of jade pendants carved or plain, green or the transparent white, on a silver or platinum or gold chain. The design style of the jade pendant could be contemporary, sleek and stylish or traditional. The olive green jade is pretty popular and looks good in an ornate setting of oxidized silver, even white jade in a simple setting of silver would suite any casual or formal occasion. Typically jade pendant comes in shapes like circle, oval, and rectangle. There are pendants which are carved in to beautiful motifs. There are jade pendants from China which come in elaborate oriental designs. Jade luckily has many varieties of colors to choose from, you could have many jade pendants to match with every different dress and occasion. As you want to buy a pendant you could have a variety of different color pendants for the same neck chain, this won’t be very exorbitant and if you have the passion for jade, buying pendant of every color available won’t be heavy on the pocket too.

    Jade is popular from ancient times

    The hardness of jade is amazing and the stone is strong because of its hardness this makes it durable and sturdy. Jade in ancient times was also used in weapons because of its hardness, only later it started getting used in ornaments and decoration items. Jade is a popular gemstone in ancient Chinese culture and even in the present day China jade is widely used. The Chinese artisans even have carved spiritual people on jade and that is used as a pendant believed to protect the wearer and impart wisdom. According to Chinese astrology, the zodiac animal symbols are carved on jade and worn as pendants to bring luck. According to Feng shui the jade artifacts are kept at home as well as in the car for good luck. From China and Central America jade was exported to Europe and the Royal fraternity took a passion to wear jade as jewelry, and jade became popular worldwide because of the color green which looked like emerald, the stones hardness and the light refraction capability.

    Jade’s mystical properties

    From ancient times worldwide jade is considered to bring peace and open the wearer’s eyes and heart to love and positive energy within himself and in the material world around him. It’s been considered a sacred stone and is used in sacred spiritual practices. There’s also a belief that jade promotes longevity and balances the emotional ups and downs in the wearer to give him a fruitful and prosperous life. Jade is believed to help the wearer overcome his fears and move forward with self confidence and power to succeed. The stone also protects the wearer from negative forces and brings in harmony and positive energy. This stone is also believed to enhance the love between couples and hence is popular gift among lovers.

    How to go about buying a jade pendant

    The easiest way to go about buying jade pendant is to look in to websites on the net and make a decision and order through card. For first time buyers you need to go for little time taking procedure of surfing many websites offering the same service and then deciding on one that has many design varieties, reasonable price ranges, good customer support and reliable delivery. You need to select the one that suites your budget and comfort level. There are many information sites on the net giving you all the information on the gemstone, its origin and the price categories too. If someone in your friends or family circle has bought some jewelry on the net then take a lead from them. There are websites available on the net selling just the gemstone, you can buy the gemstone and make it into the pendant of your liking from you jeweler. This will cut the cost and you will get your customized jade pendant. There are jewelers owning shops dealing with the export import of gemstones who will sell jade pendants. You can personally go and choose and buy the jade pendant from a jewelry shop. For this you don’t have to be a novice and let the jeweler fool you. You can go prepared by surfing through many information sites on the net on jade the gemstone. You have all the information on jade, no one can take you for a ride and sell you a fake, with your new found gemstone knowledge you can keep the jeweler on his toes and get the right value for your money and time.

    Alexandrite Jewelry

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    Alexandrite Jewelry

    by Binashaji

    Buying Alexandrite Jewellery can be a daunting task. Simply because, authentic stones are very rare and highly priced. There are plenty of imitations of this eye-catching stone and spotting a genuine gem requires skill and knowledge about Alexandrites.

    If you want to feel like Royalty, invest in some genuine Alexandrite Jewellery. This enchanting stone, was discovered in the Russian Ural mountains, was named after Alexander. It is a unique co-incidence the stone was discovered almost at the same time as his ascension to the throne at a young age. The colors of the Alexandrite are Red and Green, which were also the colors of the Russian Royalty in the 18th century. This captivating color-changing stone takes on a Greenish-Blue shade in the daylight and a Reddish- purple color under artificial light. The Russian Empress Catherine, on discovering these gems were being sold to other countries, is said to have slain the culprits who dared sell the Royal stone outside of the Royal Family. For this reason, a major part of the Russian Alexandrite could not be readily found in the market. Although now many pieces from the Royal collection have found their way into collector’s coffers.

    Alexandrite RingMany Gemstones exhibit a color change, but it is very weak and sometimes an untrained eye can miss the color transformation, but this is not the case with Alexandrite. This wondrous gem has a strong color change with exquisite shades of Red, Green, Blue and Purple. An Alexandrite of high quality is a pleasure to watch.

    Buying Alexandrite Jewellery can be a daunting task. Simply because, authentic stones are very rare and highly priced. There are plenty of imitations of this eye-catching stone and spotting a genuine gem requires skill and knowledge about Alexandrites. If you wish to own an entire Alexandrite ensemble, you would have to spend a small fortune or even a large fortune depending on the quality of the stones. Like with all gemstones, color change is the most important aspect that will decide the superiority of the gem. A strong color change from reddish-purple to blue-green in daylight will command a higher price than a stone with a weak color-change. Secondly, the origin of the stone is also important. Alexandrites from Russia will be more valuable, since Russian stones are very rare and of superior quality. Alexandrite deposits have also been found in Sri Lanka, India, parts of Africa and Brazil.

    Making a statement about your personal confidence and panache was never so easy. A large Alexandrite ring with matching single stone large earrings can speak a million words. Catching the eye, with a glint of green or red, Alexandrites can add to your style quotient. Large signet Alexandrite Rings are also a popular choice amongst men who dare to be different.

    If you are buying expensive Alexandrite Jewellery, always ask for a Certificate of Authenticity from a reputed Gem Laboratory. Most reputed stores selling Alexandrite always sell the Jewellery with a Certificate. The most popular Jewellery created from Alexandrite is Rings. Large stones are set as cabochons (single stones) in Gold or Platinum. Since the price per carat of the Alexandrite is high, large uncut stones are more expensive because some of the stone is wasted when it is cut to bring out its best facets. Smaller stones are set in necklaces and bracelets too.

    Some people consider buying Alexandrite Jewellery as an investment since Alexandrite deposits are not readily found and there is always a scarcity of good quality stones, both these factors increase the price of this gem considerably. Owning an Alexandrite can be a good omen. It is said to have healing properties and has positive vibrations to aid the nervous system. The stone is also said to boost a person’s self-esteem and confidence.

    Although Alexandrite is a semi-precious stone, it commands a very high price almost equivalent with the four most expensive gemstones Sapphires, Rubies, Emeralds and Diamonds. The Alexandrite is a chrysoberyl – stones which change color with change in the light source. Most chrysoberyls have a very small color change and the highest quality chrysoberyls with a distinct color change are termed as Alexandrites.

    With a hardness of 8.5 on the Mohs scale, Alexandrite is durable and perfect for Jewellery. It does not need too much care, but be sure to protect it from harsh chemicals, scratches, hard knocks and extremes of climate which could blemish the beauty of this gem. Washing in soap and warm water will suffice for cleaning an Alexandrite.

    Synthetic Alexandrite stones are most often treated low quality Sapphires. Low quality Alexandrite stones are also treated to improve the gemstone’s appearance by filling the fissures on the surface with colorless oil or wax or other substances. It is also possible to be fooled with glass and plastic imitations, although it is easy to spot a cheap imitation because it will not have the required color change. Low quality stones will have a weak color change and may retain either a greenish tinge or a brown color even after the light source is changed from daylight to fluorescent.

    Rings or Earrings, these exquisite gems are considered to be collector’s items and many connoisseurs are always on the prowl for high quality Alexandrite Jewellery to be worn at special events as conversation pieces.

    If you wish to feel Royal and feel a connection with King Alexander, invest in some Alexandrite for its changing colors and scarce availability and links with the Russian Royalty.